Holders on pages up to 262B were reported as in Division 1, while those shown here as on higher County population included 7,215 whites, 6 free colored and 8,085 slaves. Perhaps no other resource approaches the range of human experience found in AccessGenealogy.coms Slave Narratives. Home > USA > Alabama > Clarke County > Census Records and Indexes. Most antebellum slaves lived in so-called nuclear families (father, mother, and children). What was the name of the ship that brought the slaves to America? American Cross Race Genealogy Research You are the visitor to this page. 1860 slave census schedule from Monroe County, Alabama. Pinson in Jefferson County, Alabama about. Though they later determined the vessel theyd found wasnt the Clotilda, the event sparked renewed interest in finding the ship. 73086 Washington DC 20056-3086 The African American Heritage Preservation Foundation, Inc. (AAHPF) is dedicated to the preservation of endangered and little known African American historical sites and its history. According to U.S. Census data, the 1860 Limestone enumerated, out of a total of 3,950,546 slaves nationwide. [1], During the colonial era, Indian slavery in Alabama soon became surpassed by industrial-scale plantation slavery in large part due to the rapid growth of the cotton industry. was obtained from the Historical United States Census Data Browser, which is a very detailed, The rest of the slaves in the County were held by a total of 577 slaveholders, and those slaveholders have not been included here. Please, add your favorite Website(s) to this page! 545,000 (17%); Texas, up 70,000 (38%); North Carolina, up 31,000 (8%); Florida, up 27,000 Alabama was one of the first seven states to withdraw from the Union prior to the American Civil War. Their exact status, whether free or enslaved, remains disputed. Though an 1807 law banned the trans-Atlantic slave trade to the United States as of 1 January 1808, slaves could still be bought and sold (and transported) within the country. Mobile businessman Timothy Meaher organized the Clotilda voyage after making a bet that he could, as he put it, bring a shipful of n*****s right into Mobile Bay under the officers noses.. Afro-American Historical and Genealogical Society Baine, Rodney M. 1995. [4][5] Within 20 years of becoming a state, Alabama was the largest cotton producer in the US, producing 23% of the nation's cotton crop. It is a subsidiary of The Pew Charitable Trusts. Following the patenting of the cotton gin (in 1793), the War of 1812, and the defeat and expulsion of the Creek Nation in the 1810s, European-American settlement in Alabama was intensified, as was the presence of slavery on newly established plantations in the territory. wikimedia commons. used are the rubber stamped numbers in the upper right corner of every set of two pages, with the The lake is named for an escaped slave from Mississippi who, according to legend, discovered the isolated body of water in the late 1840s. The 1860 U.S. Census Slave Schedules for Marengo County, Alabama (NARA microfilm series M653, Roll 31) reportedly includes a total of 24,409 slaves, which ranks as the second highest total in the State and the fifth highest in the U.S. in 1860. film quality, handwriting interpretation questions and inconsistent counting and page numbering was listed as having 28,884 whites, about a four fold increase, but the 1960 total of 7,620 slave on the 1860 census, the free census for 1860 should be checked, as almost 11% of African [10], Alabama had an estimated population of under 10,000 people in 1810, but it increased to more than 300,000 people by 1830. PATRON + A former slave became the first millionaire of color in Jefferson County, Alabama. The Ancient East, specifically China and India, didnt adopt the practice of slavery until much later, as late as the Qin Dynasty in 221 BC. Its the best documented story of the entire slave trade, not only to the U.S., but to the Americas, says historian Sylviane A. Diouf, author of Dreams of Africa in Alabama: The Slave Ship Clotilda and the Story of the Last Africans Brought to America. Profiles are placed in this category with this text [[Category:Clarke County, Alabama, Slave Owners]] . Smith said the truck belonged to a Grove Hill man, 41-year-old Richard Stephen Gilpin. advanced research techniques involving all obtainable records of the holder. Available online at Ancestry.com, FamilySearch.org, and HeritageQuest.com Census records are basic building blocks for everyones research. What was the largest plantation in Alabama? This Wealthy planters generally had multiple domestic servants, whose duties ranged from cooking and cleaning to driving carriages, serving meals, and nursing children. Surname matching of In the midst of Jim Crow, segregation, and reconstruction, they built a free society controlled and run by Africans., I think that what this particular story is about is really the unity of the people who were on the ship, Diouf says. and Mobile counties in Alabama all saw increases in the colored population between 1860 and Slaveowners used a variety of punishments to discipline and dominate slaves. WIKITREE HOME | ABOUT | G2G FORUM | HELP | SEARCH. Paraphrasing Marcus Garvey, Battles reflects, If you dont know your history, youre just like a tree without no roots.. You should use the same slave schedules to search for slave owners in Wilcox County AL. States that saw significant increases in ", Plantation complexes in the Southern United States, "Old Cahawba, Alabama's first state capital, 1820 to 1826", "Alabama's population: 1800 to the modern era", "The Birth of Jim Crow in Alabama 1865-1896", "Sharecropping and Tenant Farming in Alabama", Alabama Department of Archives and History, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=History_of_slavery_in_Alabama&oldid=1128842893, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License 3.0, This page was last edited on 22 December 2022, at 07:22. Owners also used other forms of punishment such as withholding food, restricting travel, or selling off relatives as a means of controlling slaves whom they deemed troublesome. (Credit: Jeffrey Greenberg/UIG via Getty Images), They decided that if you wont send us home, well build Africa here in Alabama, says Robert Battles, Sr., former executive director of the Historic Africatown Welcome Center. M., W. H. Hargrove for, 55 Slaves, Page 276B, WATKINS, R. J., Solon Hamlit? PURPOSE. WIKITREE PROTECTS MOST SENSITIVE INFORMATION BUT ONLY TO THE EXTENT STATED IN THE TERMS OF SERVICE AND PRIVACY POLICY. acres. 73086 Washington DC 20056-3086 In Alabama, Meaher sold some of the Africans, but divided up most between himself, his two brothers and the ships captainnone of whom were ever convicted for their crimes. Like its neighbors, the Alabama Territory was fertile ground for the surging cotton crop, and soon became one of the major destinations for African-American slaves who were being shipped to the Southeastern United States. P. O. Many owners and overseers physically beat slaves with instruments such as whips and cat o'nine tails. The collection contains over 20,000 pages of type-scripted interviews with more than 3,500 former slaves collected over a ten year period. How Long Does A Typical College Course Take To Complete? Recent speculation about the location of the ship has brought national attention to issues in Africatown, such as its lawsuit against an industrial plant for generating cancer-causing pollution. 1860 slave census schedule from Monroe County, Alabama. widely and from region to region. colored population during that time, and were therefore more likely possible places of relocation slaves, or about 47% of the County total. Today, it exists as the historic site Africatown in Mobile, Alabama, where many Clotilda descendants still live. Formation of the State. The 1860 U.S. Census Slave Schedules for Clarke County, Mississippi (NARA microfilm series M653, Roll 596) reportedly includes a total of 5,076 slaves. If an African American ancestor with one of these surnames is holders of the most slaves with the least amount of transcription work. Slavery had been theoretically abolished by President Abraham Lincoln's Emancipation Proclamation which proclaimed, in 1863, that only slaves located in territories that were in rebellion from the United States were free. This page and its subpages contain 26 links. MIGRATION OF FORMER SLAVES: According to U.S. Census data, the 1860 Limestone Those bonds, however, did not change the fact that a slave was considered property. family tree, surname, vital records, biography, or otherwise searchable and highly recommended database found at http://fisher.lib.virginia.edu/census/ . The 1860 U.S. Census Slave Schedules for Limestone County, Alabama (NARA microfilm series M653, Roll 31) reportedly includes a total of 8,085 slaves. methods used by the census enumerators, interested researchers should view the source film In Alabama in 1860 there were 482 farms of 1,000 acres What Is The Oldest School In Mississippi? The 1852 Alabama Slave Code urged slaveholders to keep slave families together during sales whenever possible and to avoid separating children under the age of five from their mothers. Unable to return to Africa after emancipation on June 19, 1865aka Juneteenththey left records and gave interviews about who they were and where they came from that survive today. Antonia is a firm believer in the power of education, and she is passionate about helping students reach their full potential. It conducts public opinion polling, demographic research, media content analysis and other empirical social science research. The story of the Clotilda and the people who built Africatown. Only on rare occasions did slaves resist their bondage violently. How Safe Is Mississippi State University? When Alabama seceded from the Union in 1861, the states 435,080 slaves made up 45 percent of the total population. slaveholders with 1870 African Americans is intended merely as suggesting another possibility for been counted in each County. Negroeswas about 6% less than what the colored population had been 100 years before.) Where did 2023 A&E Television Networks, LLC. the white population of Limestone County had increased almost 8% to 7,774, while the colored S. & 2 others, 74 Slaves, Page 238B, LOCKHART, James P., 49 H. B., 44 Slaves, Page 230, MALONE, J. H., Athens Ala., 65 Slaves, Page 260B, MAPLES, Malcolm G.?, 75 Slaves, Page 273B, MARTINDALE, Elizabeth, 40 Slaves, Page 265, MASON, John R., A. M. Weatherford for, 134 Slaves, Page 275, MATHEWS, L., Madison City Ala., 62 Slaves, Page 258, MATHEWS, L.?, Madison City Ala., 98 Slaves, Page 259B, MEMPHIS & CHARLESTON R. R., owners various & unknown, 36 Slaves, Page 240, MOORE, S. H., Charles H. Patton in trust for, 112 Slaves, Page 246, PEEBLES, R. B., in trust for 2 minors, 80 Slaves, Page 250B, PEETE, Samueal, Madison City Ala., 45 Slaves, Page 258B, RICE, John, Mary P. Rice in trust for, 94 Slaves, Page 247, TOURISEM?, Brice? There were. They were saying that they knew that their families in Africa had been looking for them, Diouf says. personally to verify or modify the information in this transcription for their own purposes. All Rights Reserved. Some owners also undermined parental roles regarding familial affection, discipline, and, No slave rebellions took place in Alabama; most acts of resistance took a more passive or clandestine form. By the 1870 census, LARGEST SLAVEHOLDERS FROM 1860 SLAVE CENSUS SCHEDULES. She has received numerous awards and accolades for her work, including being named one of the "Top 10 Educators to Watch" by Education Week magazine. The wreckage was still visible at low tide for a few decades, yet remains elusive today. Understanding that they would have to find a place to live in the U.S., they decided to ask Timothy Meaher to provide a form of reparations. Slaves often worked alongside and sometimes slept under the same roof as their owner. genealogically-related site on the Internet. They hoed potatoes and tobacco, but Rev. Alabama was one of the first seven states to withdraw from the Union prior to the American Civil War . Some of these former slaves may have This transcription includes 21 slaveholders who held 40 or more slaves in Clarke County, accounting for 1,473 slaves, or 29% of the County total. These circumstances reduced the physical distance between owners and slaves and sometimes forged temporary bonds of loyalty based upon a shared experience as farm laborers. PLEASE HELP! African-Americans in the 1870 U.S. Federal Census, available through Heritage Quest at Sometimes slaves used fire to destroy a plantation's outbuildings or the harvested cotton crop. Slaves were enumerated in 1860 without giving their names, only their sex and age [11][12], By 1861 nearly 45% of the population of Alabama were slaves, and slave plantation agriculture was the center of the Alabama economy. The largest numbers of slaves were held in bondage in counties located in either the Tennessee River Valley or the, Alabama gained statehood during a period when. If their parents were married, they would take their fathers surname. Sharecroppers often lived and worked in the same cotton plantations their enslaved ancestors had toiled upon. 1850. About Us | Contact Us | Copyright | Report Inappropriate Material How can I find out if my family were slaves? the Alabama colored population increased by 37,000, to 475,000, a 17% increase. transcriber has chosen to use the term slaveholder rather than slave owner, so that questions SURNAME MATCHES AMONG AFRICAN AMERICANS ON 1870 CENSUS. MOBILE, Ala. ( WALA) -19-year-old Xavier Dixon didn't say a word while being escorted to metro jail after a murder in broad daylight. Ethridge, Robbie Franklyn, and Sheri Marie Shuck-Hall. on the "Add your favorite Website(s) to this page" link. Slaves occasionally physically attacked their owners or overseers. film quality, handwriting interpretation questions and inconsistent counting and page numbering Who brought the first Africans to Alabama? Following the holder list is a separate list of the Many enslaved women were owned by small farmers and worked as domestic servants. occurred.] He was born and studied medicine in Pennsylvania, but moved to Natchez District, Mississippi Territory in 1808 and became the wealthiest cotton planter and the second-largest slave owner in the United States with over 2,200 slaves. We have modeled this center much like we have for Native Americans, whose research can also be hampered by the available records. slaveholders. Slavery had been theoretically abolished by President Abraham Lincoln 's Emancipation Proclamation which proclaimed, in 1863, that only slaves located in territories that were in rebellion from the United States were free. FACT CHECK: We strive for accuracy and fairness. (+1) 202-419-4300 | Main The first county seat was Clarkesville, founded in 1820. "Indian Slavery in Colonial Georgia. microfilm series M653, Roll 31) reportedly includes a total of 8,085 slaves. The TERMS of SERVICE and PRIVACY POLICY and Indexes exact status, whether free or enslaved, remains disputed series... Most SENSITIVE INFORMATION BUT ONLY to the American Civil War modeled this center much we... Though they later determined the vessel theyd found wasnt the Clotilda and the people who built Africatown the truck to... All obtainable records of the first seven states to withdraw from the in... The slaves to America Course Take to Complete they knew that their families in Africa had been 100 before. 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Than slave owner, so that questions surname MATCHES AMONG African Americans is merely! 8,085 slaves involving all obtainable records of the many enslaved women were by... Hill man, 41-year-old Richard Stephen Gilpin numbering who brought the slaves to America records are building...
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