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[144] He had been ailing since a stroke the year prior. HuWen Administration (20022012); XiLi Administration (20122017); Xi Administration (since 2017). The couple had seven sons and one daughter. The reward for solving the murder is SEK 50 million (approximately 5 million or US$7 million. Jenkin was born in Cape Town and educated at Rondebosch Boys' Prep and Boys' High School, matriculating aged 17.. After leaving school, he avoided conscription into the South African Defence Force, and worked at a variety of jobs for two years, with no particular interest in anything except motorcycle racing.He left for the UK in 1970, The country has been a signatory of the Biological Weapons Convention since 1975, the Treaty on the Non-Proliferation of Nuclear Weapons since 1991, and the Chemical Weapons Convention since 1995. The Mfecane also led to the formation and consolidation of other groups such as the Matabele, the Mfengu and the Makololo and the creation of states such as the modern Lesotho. [4], In economic terms, the late 1880s were a period of growth in the Orange Free State. The U.S. has embassies in (or, in the case of Vatican City, near) all countries it recognizes apart from Andorra, Liechtenstein, Monaco and San Marino. Those Boers who wanted to continue the fight were known as "Bittereinders" (or irreconcilables) and at the end of the war a number like Deneys Reitz chose exile rather than sign an undertaking that they would abide by the peace terms. In the history of the United Kingdom and the British Empire, the Victorian era was the period of Queen Victoria's reign, from 20 June 1837 until her death on 22 January 1901. Lisbeth Palme had discussed seeing a film when she was at work during the afternoon, and called her son, Mrten Palme, at 17:00 to talk about the film at the Grand Cinema. [7] A waning interest in the Boer cause since the war was over made the tour fail and forced Reitz to return to the Netherlands. Simon's Town was occupied on 14 June by a force of 350 Royal Marines and 450 men of the 78th Highlanders, before the defenders could burn the town. [21], The 8 September 2010 edition of Efterlyst, Sweden's equivalent of BBC TV's Crimewatch programme, was co-hosted by Tommy Lindstrm, who was the head of Swedish CID at the time of Olof Palme's assassination. HuWen Administration (20022012); XiLi Administration (20122017); Xi Administration (since 2017). The Xhosa Wars (also known as the Kaffir Wars or Cape Frontier Wars) were a series of nine wars between the Xhosa Kingdom, and the British Empire as well as European settlers with their Khoi allies, from 1779 and 1879 in what is now the Eastern Cape in South Africa. After retaking captured towns, the SLA would perform a mopping up operation in which the towns people were transported to concentration camp styled strategic hamlets far from their homes in Eastern and Southern Sierra Leone under the pretense of separating the population from the insurgents. [22], After their incarceration, Jenkin, Lee and several other inmates began plotting an escape, which would involve copies of several prison keys that Jenkin made from wood. The commander of the SANDF is appointed by the President from one of the armed services. [39] This largely undeclared conflict became known as the South African Border War during the late 1970s. He did remain a member of that House until 1929, however. The company was founded in 1980 as MCA Videocassette, Inc. with Gene Giaquinto as president of the division and released 24 films on Betamax and VHS in May 1980, including Jaws, Animal House and The Deer Hunter as well as classic films such as Dracula, Animal Crackers and Scarface. It was mainly responsible for infiltrating the black majority population of Rhodesia and collecting intelligence on insurgents so that they could be attacked by regular elements of the The Sierra Leone Civil War (19912002), or the Sierra Leonean Civil War, was a civil war in Sierra Leone that began on 23 March 1991 when the Revolutionary United Front (RUF), with support from the special forces of Charles Taylor's National Patriotic Front of Liberia (NPFL), intervened in Sierra Leone in an attempt to overthrow the Joseph Momoh government. This ID is used to continue to identify users across different sessions and track their activities on the website. [30] In 2000, Dieter Gerhardt, Soviet spy and a former commodore in the South African Navy, claimed that Israel agreed in 1974 to arm eight Jericho II missiles with "special warheads" for South Africa. By the end of 1993, many observers thought that the war was over because for the first time in the conflict the Sierra Leone Army was able to establish itself in the Eastern and the Southern mining districts. It maintains "interest sections" (in other states' embassies) in member states Afghanistan, Iran and Syria. [19] The March 1997 arrest of RUF leader Foday Sankoh in Nigeria also angered RUF members, who reacted with escalated violence. ), The Union Defence Force was part of significant military operations against Germany. This cookie is set by the Bidswitch. [citation needed] Shaka was the ultimate victor, and his (more peaceful) descendants still live today throughout Zululand, with customs and a way of life that can be easily traced to Shaka's day. [83][84], ECOMOGs intervention in Sierra Leone brought the AFRC/RUF rebels to the negotiating table where, in October 1997, they agreed to a tentative peace known as the Conakry Peace Plan. [36] In response, South Africa underwent a massive military expansion to combat the PLAN threat, which included the formation of several elite special forces units such as Koevoet, 32 Battalion, and the Reconnaissance Commando Regiment. On 10 June 2020, the Swedish Prosecution Authority proposed The Skandia Man as the perpetrator and closed off the investigation since Engstrm is dead and can thus not be prosecuted, while noting the lack of technical evidence. But the government hit rock bottom when it could no longer pay schoolteachers and the education system collapsed. The aim of the operation was to break the two-month-long siege laid by armed cadres of the RUF around two companies of 5/8 Gorkha Rifles (GR) Infantry Battalion Group at Kailahun by affecting a fighting break out and redeploying them with the main battalion at Daru. Parameters Autumn 2022; Parameters Summer 2022; Parameters Spring 2022; Parameters Winter 202122; Parameters Celebrates 50 Years; Contributing Editors; On April 19, 1782, John Adams was received by the States-General and the Dutch Republic as they were the [23], Another plot sees the involvement of the CIA and the Italian clandestine, pseudo-masonic lodge Propaganda Due led by Licio Gelli who wrote, in a telegram to Philip Guarino, that "the Swedish tree will be brought down". [45], Although Engstrm had a negative view of the prime minister, as well as long-standing financial and growing alcohol problems, investigators still did not have a "clear picture" of Engstrom's motive for killing Palme, Chief Prosecutor Krister Petersson said.[46]. Hello, and welcome to Protocol Entertainment, your guide to the business of the gaming and media industries. [20] After a spell in the notorious John Vorster Square in Johannesburg, they were returned to Cape Town and after four weeks, allowed to see family, and held at Pollsmoor Prison as they awaited trial. In the address, Palme said, "Apartheid cannot be reformed, it has to be abolished."[17]. It is used to create a profile of the user's interest and to show relevant ads on their site. This website uses cookies to improve your experience while you navigate through the website. Witnesses agreed on the killer's escape route. The gun, along with 91 metal-piercing bullets, was stolen in a burglary in Haparanda in 1983 and is believed to have been used in the robbery of a post office in Mockfjrd, Dalarna that same year. The South African Department of Defence's Strategic Defence Acquisition (known as the Arms Deal) aimed to modernise its defence equipment, which included the purchase of corvettes, submarines, light utility helicopters, lead-in fighter trainers and advanced light fighter aircraft. The latter's death only months after Reitz started working with him, made Reitz decide to continue his studies in London, at the Inner Temple. Only a few months later, though, in February 2000, a new UN resolution authorized the deployment of 11,000 combatants. The Jameson Raid (29 December 1895 2 January 1896) was a raid on Paul Kruger's Transvaal Republic carried out by Leander Starr Jameson and his Rhodesian and Bechuanaland policemen over the New Year weekend of 189596. [citation needed] The first invasion of Zululand ended with the catastrophe of Isandlwana where, along with heavy casualties, the main centre column lost all supplies, transport and ammunition and the British would be forced to halt their advances elsewhere while a new invasion was prepared. At the time the relationship with the British was already rapidly deteriorating and the government of the South African Republic was taking action to reinforce its national and international position. This cookie is set by GDPR Cookie Consent plugin. [6], Reitz's policies were appreciated by the Volksraad, reflecting the change in the mood of the Afrikaner electorate towards Afrikaner nationalism. It allows the website owner to implement or change the website's content in real-time. The cookie is used to collect information about the usage behavior for targeted advertising. [9] The first overseas property owned, and the longest continuously owned, by the United States is the American Legation in Tangier, which was a gift of the Sultan of Morocco in 1821. He indicated that he wanted to devote more time to stand-up comedy. This is an important cookie in making credit card transaction on the website. RUF compliance with the disarmament process was inconsistent and sluggish, and by May 2000, the rebels were advancing again upon Freetown.[22]. To alleviate his financial troubles, Reitz set out on a lecture tour in the United States. In late 1999, the UN Security Council asked Russia for participation in a peacekeeping mission in Sierra Leone. The purpose of the cookie is to collect statistical information in an anonymous form about the visitors of the website. The law was later changed to prevent the Palme case from expiring, and thus the police investigation remained active for 34 years. [18], Institutionally, Reitz promoted the foundation of the Letterkundige en Wetenschappelijke Vereeniging (Literary and Scientific Society) of the Orange Free State, of which he was chairman for a while, the library at Bloemfontein, and the National Museum of the Orange Free State.[23]. South Africa contributed to the war effort against Japan, supplying men and manning ships in naval engagements against the Japanese. [4][5][6][7], Diamond revenues in Sierra Leone have increased more than tenfold since the end of the conflict, from $10million in 2000 to about $130million in 2004, although according to the UNAMSIL surveys of mining sites, "more than 50 per cent of diamond mining still remains unlicensed and reportedly considerable illegal smuggling of diamonds continues". He pulled out of all remaining events after 5 of the 8 days on unspecified medical grounds. When the British army marched on Pretoria in May 1900, the government was forced to flee the capital. A 2001 overview noted that there had been "serious and grotesque human rights violations" in Sierra Leone since its civil war began in 1991. [41], Both MK and APLA were disbanded and integrated with the South African National Defence Force (SANDF) following the abolition of apartheid.[49]. [4], Institutionally, Reitz did much for the codification and review of the laws of the Orange Free State. By the end of March 1997, the peace accord had collapsed. Fifty years have passed since campaigners overturned a ban on ethnic minorities working on Bristol's buses. The British Commonwealth Air Training Plan (BCATP), or Empire Air Training Scheme (EATS) often referred to as simply "The Plan", was a massive, joint military aircrew training program created by the United Kingdom, Canada, Australia and New Zealand, during the Second World War. [12] The wave of overseas construction began with the creation of the State Department's Foreign Service Buildings Commission in 1926.[10]. Comedian Trevor Noah, host of 'The Daily Show' on Comedy Central, said he was going to leave the programme after hosting it for seven years. On April 19, 1782, John Adams was received by the States-General and the Dutch Republic as they were the first country, together with Morocco and France, to recognize the United States as an independent government. The latest Lifestyle | Daily Life news, tips, opinion and advice from The Sydney Morning Herald covering life and relationships, beauty, fashion, health & wellbeing [24][25][26] Claims of CIA involvement in the assassination were made by Richard Brenneke, an Oregon businessman who said he was an ex-CIA operative, in a RAI Television report in July 1990. HuWen Administration (20022012); XiLi Administration (20122017); Xi Administration (since 2017). Parameters Autumn 2022; Parameters Summer 2022; Parameters Spring 2022; Parameters Winter 202122; Parameters Celebrates 50 Years; Contributing Editors; When State President Brand suddenly died in 1888, Reitz won the presidential elections unopposed. [63], However, with senior government officials neglectful of the conditions faced by SLA soldiers, front line soldiers became resentful of their poor conditions and began helping themselves to Sierra Leones rich natural resources. The information is used for determining when and how often users will see a certain banner. He successfully distributed leaflets this way on Cape Town's Grand Parade. In the second sense, an escutcheon can itself be a charge within a coat of arms.. Escutcheon shapes are derived from The Commonwealth War Graves commission has records of 9457 known South African War dead during World War I. This is due to many of the children suffering from drug withdraw symptoms, brainwashing, physical and mental wounds, as well as a lack of memory of who they were or where they came from before the conflict. The cookie is a session cookies and is deleted when all the browser windows are closed. GH has also been convicted for assault, one time for kicking a dog in 1985, and a later incident in 2005 when he assaulted a young man on the metro liner after being harassed. [40] Momoh made some efforts to reduce smuggling and corruption in the diamond mining sector, but he lacked the political clout to enforce the law. The couple took the subway train to the Rdmansgatan station, from where they walked to the Grand Cinema. View our comments policy As the UN mission began to fail, the United Kingdom declared its intention to intervene in the former colony and Commonwealth member in an attempt to support the weak government of President Ahmad Tejan Kabbah. According to Leopold, Palme was killed because he had gratuitously given asylum to a great number of leftist Chileans following the coup that overthrew Salvador Allende in 1973. News Story; 21/06/2022 Malaysia Dead Stephanie Sim Shu Ming (19), competitive pistol shooter for Sarawak Sukma Pistol Shooting club, Malaysia. He pulled out of all remaining events after 5 of the 8 days on unspecified medical grounds. Here Reitz showed himself the agriculturalist and model farmer his father had been before him. The Battle of Ulundi took place at the Zulu capital of Ulundi on 4 July 1879 and proved to be the decisive battle that finally broke the military power of the Zulu nation. The Polish-British Common Defence Pact obligated Britain, and in turn its dominions, to help Poland if attacked by the Nazis. [3], Before the mid-1870s, the judicial system of the Orange Free State was rather amateurish and haphazard in character, particularly because most of the judges were legally unqualified. Built by the VOC between 1666 and 1679, the Castle is the oldest building in South Africa. Comedian Trevor Noah, host of 'The Daily Show' on Comedy Central, said he was going to leave the programme after hosting it for seven years. Recognizing the prime minister, the ticket clerk wanted him to have the best seats, and therefore sold Palme the theatre director's seats. Well within his first year of tenure the Volksraad passed an Ordinance, in which both a professional Circuit Court and a Supreme court were called into being. The fact that they were all in prison for their political activities and beliefs united them, and "as members of a revolutionary organisation [they] were disciplined and shared in [their] suffering collectively". The organisation created a paramilitary group called Stormjaers ('storm chasers'), modelled on the Nazi SA or Sturmabteilung ("Storm Division") and which was linked to the German Intelligence (Abwehr) and the German Foreign Office (Dienstelle Ribbentrop) via Dr. Luitpold Werz the former German Consul in Pretoria. The leading Boer rebels got off lightly with terms of imprisonment of six and seven years and heavy fines. The Battle of Gingindlovu (uMgungundlovu) was fought between a British relief column sent to break the Siege of Eshowe and the Impis of Cetshwayo on 2 April 1879. Biography Early life and education. [8], These were no easy years, again, as former Afrikaner compatriots found each other on two sides of the political fence, in a rapidly changing world. It is used integrate the sharing features of this social media. It covers civil wars and wars of aggression and of self-defence both within South Africa and against it. The Battle of Madagascar (5 May 6 November 1942) was a British campaign to capture the Vichy French-controlled island Madagascar during World War II.The seizure of the island by the British was to deny Madagascar's ports to the Imperial Japanese Navy and to prevent the loss or impairment of the Allied shipping routes to India, Australia and Southeast Asia. ECOMOGs forces suffered from several weakness, the most important being, poor command and control, low morale, poor training in counterinsurgency, low manpower, limited air and sea capability, and poor funding. Both bullets matched the lead fragments found in the clothing of Olof and Lisbeth Palme. This cookie is installed by Google Analytics. In heraldry, an escutcheon (/ s k t n /) is a shield that forms the main or focal element in an achievement of arms.The word can be used in two related senses. Soon after the murder, Engstrm began a series of media appearances in which he developed an increasingly detailed story of his involvement in the events and criticized the police. This cookie is set by linkedIn. [7], As State Secretary Reitz had a complicated and hefty job. [8], Reitz was an important figure in Afrikaner cultural life during most of his life, especially through his poems and other publications. South Africa's contribution consisted mainly of supplying troops, airmen and material for the North African campaign (the Desert War) and the Italian Campaign as well as to Allied ships that docked at its crucial ports adjoining the Atlantic Ocean and Indian Ocean that converge at the tip of Southern Africa. In 1900, translations appeared in German and English. The latest Lifestyle | Daily Life news, tips, opinion and advice from The Sydney Morning Herald covering life and relationships, beauty, fashion, health & wellbeing South Africa has produced a variety of significant weapons, vehicles and planes for its own uses as well as for international export. The comedian did not mention his exact departure date. Reitz, F.W., 'Opvoeding en onderwijs: een toespraak in het Victoria College, Stellenbosch op 15 Junie 1888'. This cookie is set by CloudFlare. The police later searched Palme's apartment, as well as Lisbeth's and Mrten's workplaces, for wire-bugging devices or traces of such equipment, but did not find any. He left for the UK in 1970, where, working in a fibreglass factory under poor working conditions and little pay, found the system unjust and developed an interest in sociology. It was during this time that Armscor contracted with Gerald Bull's Space Research Corporation for advanced 155mm howitzer designs, which it eventually produced, used, and exported to countries such as Iraq. When he was nine years old, he went to the Rouwkoop Boarding School in Rondebosch (Cape Town). The Second Boer War, also known as the Second Anglo-Boer War, the Second Freedom War (Afrikaans) and referred to as the South African War in modern times took place from 11 October 1899 31 May 1902. Reitz sought and received the support of the Orange Free State for this approach. On the eve of World War II the Union of South Africa found itself in a unique political and military quandary. It also stores information about how the user uses the website for tracking and targeting. The data collected including the number visitors, the source where they have come from, and the pages visted in an anonymous form. While Pettersson's theory is built on circumstantial evidence, he suggests it might be possible to prove Engstrm's guilt conclusively by tracing and examining the murder weapon. Out of these all were located except the Sucksdorff revolver, a weapon stolen from the Stockholm home of Swedish filmmaker Arne Sucksdorff in 1977. Find the latest reporting on U.S. and world investigations. Removing advertising from your browsing experience is one of them - we don't just block ads, we redesign our pages to look smarter and load faster. In 1910, already sixty-six years old, he was appointed president of the Senate of the newly formed Union of South Africa. At the time of her marriage Mulder was acting director of the Eunice Ladies' Institute at Bloemfontein. The cookie sets a unique anonymous ID for a website visitor. The Commonwealth War Graves Commission has records of 11,023 known South African war dead during World War II. Numerous volunteers also flew for the Royal Air Force. Instead we ask our readers who can afford to contribute, even a small amount each month, to do so. This resulted in attacks and counter-attacks by both sides which were known as the KhoikhoiDutch Wars that ended in the eventual defeat of the Khoikhoi. This cookie is set by Segment.io. Several people witnessed their short walk to the station and, according to the later police investigation, commented on the lack of bodyguards. The British assumed control of the Cape of Good Hope for the next seven years. Jump to: October 5 10 15 20 25. It was intended to trigger an uprising by the primarily British expatriate workers (known as Uitlanders, or in English "Foreigners") in the Transvaal but failed to do so. Jenkin was born in Cape Town and educated at Rondebosch Boys' Prep and Boys' High School, matriculating aged 17.. After leaving school, he avoided conscription into the South African Defence Force, and worked at a variety of jobs for two years, with no particular interest in anything except motorcycle racing.He left for the UK in 1970, The decision to name Engstrm as a suspect was widely criticised. Reitz, F.W., 'Schetsen uit die Oranje Vrijstaat'. [95] The original multi-national force was commanded by General Vijay Jetley of India. The police is, according to law, not allowed to reopen an investigation of a person found not guilty in trial, unless major new evidence happens to materialise. PR No: 509/2022 | Press Releases | October 28th, 2022. The singularly most used weapon for this type of ammunition is the Smith & Wesson .357, which is why great efforts were made to locate a weapon of this make. [58], Within one year of fighting, the RUF offensive had stalled, but it still remained in control of large territories in Eastern and Southern Sierra Leone leaving many villages unprotected while also disrupting food and government diamond production. At the start of World War I the bitter-einders and their allies took part in a revolt known as the Maritz Rebellion. [36] Even after the National Provisional Ruling Council (NPRC) took power in 1992, ostensibly with the goal of reducing corruption and returning revenues to the state, high-ranking members of the government sold diamonds for their personal gain and lived extravagantly off the proceeds. With the British commander-in-chief of Natal, George Pomeroy Colley, killed at Majuba, and British garrisons under siege across the entire Transvaal, the British were unwilling to further involve themselves in a war which was already seen as lost. Terre'blanche claimed that while in prison, he re-discovered God and has dropped some of his more violent and racist policies. The Zulus repeatedly and unsuccessfully attacked the laager, until Pretorius ordered a group of horse riders to leave the encampment and engage the Zulus. A former police officer, Lamont C. Underwood, was convicted of Gunnarson's murder as part of a love triangle. [585] Kamala Harris announced that 2 new embassies will open in Kiribati and Tonga[586], 1Consulates-General which function as an embassy (ie. This cookie is set by GDPR Cookie Consent plugin. (English subtitles)", "Observing The 2002 Sierra Leone Elections", Sierra Leone: getting away with murder, mutilation, rape, Radio Netherlands Archives, January 25, 2000, "Getting Away with Murder, Mutilation, Rape: New Testimony from Sierra Leone", Innocence Lost, Radio Netherlands Archives, February 16, 2000, The Memories should be their punishment, Radio Netherlands Archives, January 12, 2000, "UNAMSIL: United Nations Mission in Sierra Leone", "Sierra Leone: Submission to the Universal Periodic Review of the UN Human Rights Council", "Challenging the Conventional: Can Truth Commissions Strengthen Peace Processes? U.S. Intelligence believed that Israel participated in South African nuclear research projects and supplied advanced non-nuclear weapons technology to South Africa during the 1970s, while South Africa was developing its own atomic bombs. that we publish. The SLAs equally poor behavior made this outcome possible. John Adams then became the first U.S. ambassador to the Netherlands[3][4][5][6] and the house that he had purchased there, at Fluwelen Burgwal 18 in The Hague, became the first U.S. embassy anywhere in the world.[7]. Reitz, F.W., Die steweltjies van Sannie', This page was last edited on 23 May 2022, at 08:09. [35] It also received considerable combat support from the People's Armed Forces of Liberation of Angola (FAPLA) and a sizeable contingent of Cuban military advisors. In March 1998, overcoming entrenched AFRC positions, the ECOMOG forces retook the capital and reinstated the Kabbah government, but let the rebels flee without further harassment. [133], On 28 July 2002 the British withdrew a 200-strong military contingent that had been in country since the summer of 2000, leaving behind a 140-strong military training team with orders to professionalize the SLA and Navy. [80] The international response to the coup was also overwhelmingly negative. Christer Pettersson died on 29 September 2004, after a fall during an epileptic seizure caused a cerebral haemorrhage. The battles of Bronkhorstspruit, Laing's Nek, Schuinshoogte, and Majuba Hill proved disastrous for the British where they found themselves outmaneuvered and outperformed by the highly mobile and skilled Boer marksmen. He talked to his son about the plans on the phone, and they eventually decided to join Mrten and his girlfriend, who had already purchased tickets for themselves to see the Swedish comedy Brderna Mozart (The Mozart Brothers) by Suzanne Osten. Reitz, F.W., translator of Jorissen, E.J.P., Reitz, F.W., [J. de Villiers Roos, J.C. Smuts, E.J.P. : National speaking tour with Tim Jenkin and Karel Boele", "Award for Excellence in the Field of Humanitarian Service", "Daniel Radcliffe touches down in Adelaide for new movie", "Revolutionary Secrets: Technology's Role in the South African Anti-Apartheid Movement", "Sam Neill joins Daniel Radcliffe in 'Escape From Pretoria', "Ch. On his return to South Africa he established himself in Pretoria in the South African Republic in July 1897, where he set up a new law practice. In September, he and Lee hung a 10-metre-long banner with the words "ANC LIVES" from a high building in the centre of Cape Town, along with a timed device which distributed hundreds of leaflets over the crowds below. It was a watershed in the fight for equality. [8] Much of the first fifty years of the Department of State concerned negotiating with imperial European powers over the territorial integrity of the borders of the United States as known today. However, Palme did not know that behind his back Bofors had used a shady company called AE Services nominally based in Guildford, Surrey, England to bribe Indian government officials to conclude the deal the Bofors scandal. This cookie is used for authentication and for secure log-in. He would often go out without any bodyguard protection, and the night of his murder was one such occasion. He was inaugurated as state president in the Tweetoringkerk (Two-Towers Church) in Bloemfontein on 10 January 1889. [69] A second offensive captured the provincial capital and the largest city in Sierra Leone and destroyed the RUFs main base of operations near Bo, finally forcing the RUF to admit defeat and sign the Abidjan Peace Accord in Abidjan, Cte d'Ivoire on 30 November 1996. View articles, photos and videos covering criminal justice and exposing corruption, scandal and more on NBCNews.com. That is the only technical evidence that could be cited as a reason to re-open the case.

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