what was life like in denmark during ww2

[21], The fuselage had an oval cross-section and housed, in most examples, a Junkers Jumo 211 water-cooled inverted V-12 engine. The total dependence by the Ustase on their German masters, the foundation of the camp itself, the dispatch of the "disloyal", the brutal implementation of Hitler's racist Nazi theories and the deportation to the camps and extermination of the racially and nationally "impure", the same methods of torture and atrocities with minor varieties of Ustase cruelty, the building of furnaces and incineration of victims in furnaces (the Picilli furnace) all of the evidence points to the conclusion that both Jasenovac and the crimes committed in it were fashioned from a German recipe, owing to a German Hitlerite order as implemented by their servants, the Ustase. [195] The Simon Wiesenthal Center's Museum of Tolerance website adopted the number of 600,000 at some point. I would go too far. Nazi Germany ordered, organized and condoned a substantial number of war crimes in World War II. Japan proper 10,543 killed and 6,782 wounded. Croat historians have noted that the Church has been a leader in promoting revisionism and minimizing Ustae crimes. [252] The report states that while information in the Jasenovac Memorial Site and museum "is appropriately victims-focused, the permanent exhibition notably lacks the requisite historical and cultural context, such as information on Croatias role in the Holocaust, the formation of and popular support for the NDH, and the full extent of crimes committed inside Croatia". & Jap. By 1 September 1939, 360 Ju 87 As and Bs had been built by the Junkers factories at Dessau and Weserflug factory in Lemwerder near Bremen. On 13 August the opening of the main German attacks on airfields took place; it was known to the Luftwaffe as Adlertag ("Eagle Day"). Following the withdrawal from Sarajevo, Maks Luburi brought with him many additional captured civilians, who were immediately killed. The Junkers factory at Dessau was heavily attacked, but not until Ju 87 production had ceased. [87], In January 1938, three Ju 87 As from the Legion Condor arrived. It was one of 12 captured German aircraft selected by the British for museum preservation and assigned to the Air Historical Branch. That simple happiness, the window's glint; Swallow and young; or windborne garden sweet - On 23 May, the Royal Navy lost the destroyers HMSKashmir and Kelly, followed by HMSHereward on 26 May; Orion and Dido were also severely damaged. [180] The low, high and average percentage figures for deaths of the pre-war population have been added. New Guinea: 112,400, 15,200, (127,600) 15", "Figures were compiled by the Relief Bureau of the Ministry of Health and Welfare in March 1964", American Historical Association: Lessons from Iwo Jima footnote 1, "Reports of General MacArthur. The first seven such groups, or Langues (Tongues) from Provence, Auvergne, France, Italy, Aragon (Navarre), England (with Scotland and Ireland), and Germany became eight in 1492, when Castile and Portugal were separated from the Langue of Aragon. Due to a shortage of engines, instead of a DB 600, a BMW "Hornet" engine was fitted. Fighting the guerrillas apart from the Japanese regular forces were a Japanese Copy. [94] [50], On 3 September 2022, Pope Francis promulgated the new constitution of the Order and made provisional appointments to the Sovereign Council; he scheduled a convocation of the Extraordinary General Chapter for 25 January 2023, when regular appointments can be made in place of his provisional ones. It was decided to keep the design as it was, but the power-plant was upgraded to a Junkers Jumo 211J, and two 30mm (1.2in) cannons were added. [25], Flying at 4,600m (15,100ft), the pilot located his target through a bombsight window in the cockpit floor. A year later, the USHMM transported the collections to Croatia and gave them to the Jasenovac Memorial Site. Recent studies published in Russia put the actual corrected population in 1940 at 192.598million. Research in Russia since the collapse of the Soviet Union has caused a revision of estimates of Soviet World War II fatalities. Included with total war dead are victims of Japanese war crimes. An estimated total of 7085 million people perished, or about 3% of the 2.3 billion (est.) Civilians in Navy service 114,493 killed and 1,880 wounded and missing. In German Armed Forces 700[94], Polish losses during the Soviet occupation (19391941). The Ju 87 R-2 had an increased range advantage of 360km (220mi). [179] Gefechtsverband Kuhlmey, a mixed aircraft unit, which included large numbers of Stuka dive bombers, was rushed to the Finnish front in the summer of 1944 and was instrumental in halting the Soviet fourth strategic offensive. Fliegerkorps was equipped with units Stab, II. The Ustase criminals followed precisely the model of their German masters, most consciously executed all their orders, and did so in pursuit of a single goal: to exterminate as many of our people as possible, and to create a living space as large as possible for them. In 1523, after six months of siege and fierce combat against the fleet and army of Sultan Suleiman the Magnificent, the walls collapsed from undermining explosives, and by a negotiated surrender the Knights left Rhodes carrying their arms. Halder was replaced as Chief of the General Staff in September 1942 by General Kurt Zeitzler. [59], The D-6, according to "Operating instructions, works document 2097", was built in limited numbers to train pilots on "rationalised versions". We offer indoor facilities that include many of our inflatables for a great price. The Ju 87s operated to maximum effectiveness when the weather allowed. On 9 April 1940, Germany occupied Denmark in Operation Weserbung.The Danish government and king functioned as relatively 5354. died April 20, 1947, Copenhagen), king of Denmark (191247) who symbolized the nations resistance to the German occupation during World War II. They were renamed SS Guard Units (SS-Wachverbnde) in 1935 and SS Death's-Head Units (SS-Totenkopfverbnde) in April 1936. [63] Various production problems were encountered. Most of these losses occurred during the Nazi organized flight and evacuation during the war, and the forced labor of Germans in the Soviet Union; they point out that there are 80,522 confirmed deaths in the postwar internment camps. [243][244], In 1996 President Franjo Tuman announced plans to relocate to Jasenovac bodies of the Ustae, which led to protests from the US, Israel, the international Jewish Community and Croatian leftists, thus the plans were abandoned. With an extra two 300L (80US gal) fuel tanks, it could achieve four hours flight time. Minister Turina can deport the Jews to Jasenovac. [139], During the Battle of Crete, the Ju 87s also played a significant role. 10,066; Paramilitary 3,252; not indicated 45,078. He joined the German Army as a volunteer in 1915 and later became a professional soldier. An academic study of the Chinese population concluded that "a conservative estimate would put total human casualties directly caused by the war of 19371945 at between 15,000,000 and 20,000,000". [140] The remains were later interred in a common cemetery at Stara Gradika, while identified victims were returned to where they had come from, mostly the Syrmia (Srijem/Srem) region. General der Schlachtflieger[de] ("General of Ground Attack"[82]) Ernst Kupfer decided continued development would "hardly bring any further tactical value". For the purposes of CWGC the dates of inclusion for Commonwealth War Dead are 3 September 1939 to 31 December 1947. On 21 May 1651 it acquired the islands of Saint Barthlemy, Saint Christopher, Saint Croix and Saint Martin. Fliegerkorps moved up from their bases around Cherbourg-Octeville and concentrated in the Pas de Calais under Luftflotte 2, closer to the area of the proposed invasion of Britain. This was to pay off in the Western campaign. The Stuka demonstrated its accuracy when the small building was destroyed by four direct hits. He served in the Blank Office Amt Blank, the office headed by Theodor Blank, which became the West German Ministry of Defense in 1955. Adolf Galland, a fighter pilot with operational and combat experience in ground attack, said that abandoning development would be premature, but 150 machines per month would be sufficient. [108][non-primary source needed][109] As inmates, people could react to the Ustae crimes in an active or passive manner. ", Constitution of the Sovereign Military Order of Malta (in Italian), Permanent Observer Mission of the Order of Malta to the United Nations, IAEA and CTBTO in Vienna, Permanent Observer Mission of the Order of Malta to the United Nations in New York, Commission against Racism and Intolerance, Knights and Dames of Honour and Devotion in Obedience, Knights and Dames of Magistral Grace in Obedience, Orders, decorations, and medals of the Holy See, Order of Saint Sylvester and the Militia Aurata, County Palatine of Cephalonia and Zakynthos, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Sovereign_Military_Order_of_Malta&oldid=1119909220, Orders following the Rule of Saint Benedict, Orders of chivalry under protection of the Holy See, Orders of chivalry awarded to heads of state, consorts and sovereign family members, Catholic religious orders established in the 11th century, 1090s establishments in the Kingdom of Jerusalem, United Nations General Assembly observers, Articles containing Italian-language text, Pages using infobox country or infobox former country with the symbol caption or type parameters, Articles needing additional references from June 2021, All articles needing additional references, Articles with unsourced statements from January 2017, Articles with unsourced statements from September 2022, Articles with unsourced statements from February 2017, Pages using Sister project links with wikidata namespace mismatch, Pages using Sister project links with hidden wikidata, Articles with French-language sources (fr), Articles with German-language sources (de), Articles with Italian-language sources (it), Articles with Spanish-language sources (es), Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License 3.0, Grand Priory of Rome (founded 1214; expropriated 1808; restored 1816), Grand Priory of Lombardy and Venice (founded as two priories about 1180; expropriated 17961806; restored as a single priory 1839), Grand Priory of Naples and Sicily (founded as the Priory of Messina, the Priory of Barletta, and the Priory of Capua in the 12th and 13th centuries; suppressed 18061826; restored as a single priory 1839), Grand Priory of Austria (separated from the Grand Priory of Bohemia 1938), Grand Priory of England (re-established 1993), Sub-Priory of St. Michael (Cologne, Germany), Sub-Priory of St. George and St. James (Madrid, Spain), Sub-Priory of Our Lady of Philermo (San Francisco, United States), Sub-Priory of Our Lady of Lourdes (New York, United States), Sub-Priory of The Immaculate Conception (Melbourne, Australia), Sub-Priory of St. Oliver Plunkett (Ireland). Military deaths from all causes totaled 2125million, including deaths in captivity of about 5million prisoners of war. [602] The USHMM reports between 77,000 and 99,000 persons were killed at the Jasenovac and Stara Gradika concentration camps. Denmark capitulated within the day; Norway continued to resist with British and French help. The aircraft is easily and III./StG 1 targeted the cables along the embankment, the electricity plant and signal boxes at Dirschau (now Tczew, Poland. The German military participated in many aspects of the Holocaust: in supporting Hitler, in the use of forced labor, and in the mass murder of Jews and other groups targeted by the Nazis. Undercarriage parts were in particularly short supply. [202] The survey results showed a far lower figure of 59,188 killed at Jasenovac, of whom 33,944 were recorded as Serbs. [8] The first Ju 87 prototype was built by AB Flygindustri in Sweden and secretly brought to Germany in late 1934. [111], The Ju 87 units were also instrumental in the Battle of France. C $19.78 + C $1.71 shipping. It led air assaults in the invasion of Poland in September 1939. [citation needed] Filipovi was Commandant of Jasenovac in Summer-early Fall of 1942, when the scholarly consensus is that the Ustae exterminated 25,000 27,000 Roma,[175] nearly all at Jasenovac, while the mass murder of other ethnic groups was also underway. (Qtd. 5354, Naselenie Rossii v XX Veke: V 3-kh Tomakh: Tom2. [129] On 13 September, the Luftwaffe targeted airfields again, with a small number of Ju 87s crossing the coast at Selsey and heading for Tangmere. Presse-und Informationsamt. The maximum 500kg (1,100lb) bomb load could only be carried if the gunner vacated his seat, therefore the bomb load was restricted to 250kg (550lb). First flown on 20 June 1943. The European roots of the United States originate with the English and Spanish settlers of colonial North America during British and Spanish rule Scotch Irish, 4.3 Scots, 4.7 Irish, 7.2 German, 2.7 Dutch, 1.7 French and 2 Swedish). [132] On 10 January 1941, the Stuka crews were told that four direct hits with 500kg (1,100lb) bombs would be enough to sink the carrier. By spring 1941, only St.G 1 with 30 Ju 87s remained facing the United Kingdom. Wilhelm Wengler rejects the notion that recognition of the Order by some states (for example, the Republic of San Marino in 1939 recognized SMOM as a sovereign state in its own right. Philippines military losses were 57,000 including 7,000 KIA in 194142 campaign, 8,000 guerrillas KIA 194245 and 42,000 POWs(out of 98,000). [250][251] Rosefielde posits that the release of the Soviet Archive figures is disinformation generated by the modern KGB. Deported during the War 19411945 about 2.3million persons of Soviet ethnic minorities including: Soviet Germans 1,209,000; Finns 9,000; Karachays 69,000; Kalmyks 92,000; Chechens and Ingush 479,000; Balkars 37,000; Crimean Tatars 191,014; Meskhetian Turks 91,000; Greeks, Bulgarians and Armenians from Crimea 42,000; Ukrainian OUN members 100,000; Poles 30,000. [93], On 1 September 1939, the Wehrmacht invaded Poland, beginning World War II. The Henschel Hs 129B had proved a potent ground attack weapon, but its large fuel tanks made it vulnerable to enemy fire, prompting the RLM to say "that in the shortest possible time a replacement of the Hs 129 type must take place. Poland lost a total of 139,800 regular soldiers and 100,000. In the first three days of February 1945, 2,000 vehicles and 51 tanks were claimed to be lost to German air attacks. The UK is the only sovereign country to have left the EU or the EC. Subsequently, responsibility for the crimes of Jasenovac falls equally on their German masters and the Ustase executioners. Until the beginning of the nineteenth century the Order was divided regionally into Langues. These gun pods were fitted to a Ju 87 D-1, W.Nr 2552. (German Federal Statistical Office), Germany reports. The Marshall Plan (officially the European Recovery Program, ERP) was an American initiative enacted in 1948 to provide foreign aid to Western Europe.The United States transferred over $13 billion (equivalent of about $115 billion in 2021) in economic recovery programs to Western European economies after the end of World War II.Replacing an earlier proposal for a They assisted in the breakthrough at Sedan, the critical and first major land battle of the war on French territory. Their efforts help secure the capitulation of Soviet forces on 4 July. [4] Udet's "growing love affair" with the dive bomber pushed it to the forefront of German aviation development. The major purpose of the earliest concentration camps during the 1930s was to imprison and intimidate the leaders of political, social, and cultural movements that the Nazis perceived to be a threat to the survival of the regime. vs. Australia 199,511 killed and 15,000 wounded. Heusinger died in Cologne on 30 November 1982, aged 85. Zagreb University historian Goran Hutinec notes that Vuki massively distorts the truth, for example citing books by Jasenovac survivors, like Milko Riffer, as proof that no mass killing took place in Jasenovac, when on the contrary, the books describe eyewitness accounts of bestial killings of thousands, as well as extermination of tens-of-thousands of Roma at Jasenovac. In October, production plans were dealt another blow when one of WFGs plants burned down, leaving a chronic shortage of tailwheels and undercarriage parts. He was, according to news reports, wanted by the Soviet Union in the early 1960s for war crimes committed in the occupied Soviet territories.[3]. : -Human Losses of the USSR in the Period of WWII: Collection of Articles. The Ju 87's standard Revi C12D gunsight was replaced with the new Nachtrevi ("Night revi") C12N. Adolf Bruno Heinrich Ernst Heusinger (4 August 1897 30 November 1982) was a German military officer whose career spanned the German Empire, the Weimar Republic, Nazi Germany and West Germany.He joined the German Army as a volunteer in 1915 and later became a professional soldier. The British Valentine was crippled, beached and scuttled while Winchester, Whitley and Westminster were damaged. Just think that whenever our staff (medical officers mainly) is engaged in a military mission abroad, there is the flag of the Order flying below the Italian flag. The only further significant difference between the A-1 and A-2 was the H-PA-III controllable-pitch propeller. It was intended as the tropical version of the D-1 and had heavier armour to protect the crew from ground fire. [244] The Soviet-era archive figures on the Gulag labor camps has been the subject of a vigorous academic debate outside Russia since their publication in 1991. The activists would form resistance movements and groups, steal food, plot escapes and revolts, contacts with the outside world. [citation needed], Prior to the 1990s, all officers of the Order had to be of noble birth (defined differently in different countries), as they were all Knights of Justice or Knights in Obedience. The Austrian government provides the following information on human losses during the rule of the Nazis. "[251], In 2020 the U.S. State Department issued its JUST Act Report which surveys efforts at justice for Holocaust survivors. The Ju 87 operated with considerable success in close air support and anti-shipping roles at the outbreak of World War II. The state holds this right since, while precious men die on the battlefront, it would be nothing less than criminal to spare these bastards. In April 1943, the first production Ju 87 G-1s were delivered to front line units. [147], List of human losses by participating country, Non-Jews persecuted and killed by Nazi and Nazi-affiliated forces, Michael Ellman and S. Maksudov, Soviet Deaths in the Great Patriotic War: a note World War II . In 1950, he became an advisor on military matters to Konrad Adenauer, the first Chancellor of West Germany. The footnotes give a detailed breakdown of the casualties and their sources, including data on the number of wounded where reliable sources are available. [56] The result was the D-series. [58] Armour protection was increased and a new dual-barrel 7.92mm (.312in) MG 81Z machine gun with an extremely high rate of fire was installed in the rear defensive position. [26] The first Ju 87 operation was to destroy Polish demolition charges fixed to the rail bridges over the Vistula, that linked Eastern Germany to the Danzig corridor and East Prussia as well as Polish Pomerania. They also wrote that Jews are synonymous with "treachery, cheating, greed, immorality and foreigness", and therefore "wide swaths of the Croatian people always despised the Jews and felt towards them natural revulsion". Though sturdy, accurate, and very effective against ground targets, the Stuka was, like many other dive bombers of the period, vulnerable to fighter aircraft. The Jumo 211D in-line engine was installed, replacing the R-1s Jumo 211A. ", "Commonwealth War Graves Commission Annual Report 2014-2015 p. 38", "In service to their country: Moving tales of Irishmen who fought in WWII", "Bombing Incidents in Ireland during the Emergency 19391945", "United States State Department Background notes Nauru", "Central Bureau of Statistics (CBS) Netherlands", "Newfoundlanders and Labradorians in WWII", "Auckland War Museum, World War Two Hall of Memories", "Research Starters: Worldwide Deaths in World War II", "AJR-27 War crimes: Japanese military during World War II", "Department of Defence (Australia), 2002, "A Short History of East Timor", "Soviet Armed Forces Losses in Wars, Combat Operations and Military Conflicts: A Statistical Study", "Michael Ellman and S. Maksudov, Soviet Deaths in the Great Patriotic War:a note-World War II - Europe Asia Studies, July 1994", "The extent of human losses USSR in the Great Patriotic War (in Russian)", "The Diplomacy of Apology: U.S. Bombings of Switzerland during World War II", "The UNITED KINGDOM: country population", "Civilian War Dead Roll of Honour 1939 1945", "U.S. Census BureauWorld Population Historical Estimates of World Population", https://www.digizeitschriften.de/de/openaccess, "Bundeskanzleramt der Republik sterreich Startseite Bundeskanzleramt sterreich", Bundesarchiv Euthanasie" im Nationalsozialismus, http://www.digizeitschriften.de/de/openaccess, Statistisches Jahrbuch fr die Bundesrepublik Deutschland 1960 Bonn 1961 p.79, " (Repatriation of displaced Soviet citizens)", "Political Migrations on Polish Territories 19391950", "Yad Vashem The Shoah Victims' Names Recovery Project", "Yad Vashem: About the Central Database of Shoah Victims' Names: FAQs", "File:Hungary in 1941 with territories annexed in 1938-1941.png", "De vervolging van gemengd-gehuwde joden in Nederland Teruggefloten door Hitler", "United States Holocaust Memorial Museum. Civilian deaths totaled 5055million. ", "Vast Greek war claims against Germany explode like a 'time-bomb'", "McMillan Report- POWs from Guam in Japan, Battle for Guam", "The Japanese Seizure of Guam | Marine Corps Association", "The Three Famines and the Makings of a Malthusian Catastrophe in Iran, 1869-1944", "The Challenge Of The Irish Volunteers of World War II", "The effects of war losses on mortality estimates for Italy: A first attempt. In addition, 247,000 Austrians lost their lives serving in the army of the Third Reich or were reported missing, and 24,000 civilians were killed during bombing" raids. German Federal Archive Spieler, Silke. Napoleon demanded from Grand Master Ferdinand von Hompesch zu Bolheim that his ships be allowed to enter the port and to take on water and supplies. [21], In accordance with the Aircraft Certification Centre for "Stress Group 5", the Ju 87 had reached the acceptable structural strength requirements for a dive bomber. [262] The concentration camps increasingly became sites where the SS authorities could kill targeted groups of real or perceived enemies of Nazi Germany. World War II was the deadliest military conflict in history.An estimated total of 7085 million people perished, or about 3% of the 2.3 billion (est.) This was well below 50 percent of the required strength. On 6 October 1943 the most powerful flotilla in the fleet comprising the Leningrad class destroyers Kharkov, Besposhchadny and Sposobny were caught and sunk by dive-bombing. Regarding overall losses, they concluded that "It was further estimated that an additional number, approximately 25% of known deaths in 194445, were still unrecovered and unrecorded. Manchuria & USSR 7,483 killed and 4,641 wounded. 7711, H.R. [208], In the 1980s, calculations were done by Serbian statistician Bogoljub Koovi, and by Croatian economist Vladimir erjavi, who claimed that total number of victims in Yugoslavia was less than 1.7 million, an official estimate at the time, both concluding that the number of victims was around one million. The Ju 87s also crippled the cruiser HMSFiji that morning, (she was later finished off by Bf 109 fighter bombers) while sinking the destroyer HMSGreyhound with one hit. The steamer Pavon was lost while carrying 1,500 Dutch soldiers most of whom were killed. These figures included the losses of Newfoundland and Southern Rhodesia. Furthermore, the armoured protection of the Ilyushin Il-2 Sturmovik [c] was copied to protect the crew from ground fire now that the Ju 87 would be required to conduct low level attacks. [130] After a lull, anti-shipping operations attacks were resumed by some Ju 87 units from 1 November 1940, as part of the new winter tactic of enforcing a blockade. Georg Dahm affirms that the Order is a "subject of international law without territory". He specifically recounted his torture of an old man named Vukasin Mandrapa; he attempted to compel the man to bless Ante Paveli, which the old man refused to do, even after Friganovi had cut off both his ears and nose after each refusal. By 1939 Germany had successfully pulled itself out of a depression, pushed the French out of the Rhineland, and gained Austria and Czechoslovakia at the expense of the lackluster League of Nations. "[384], Civilians killed in 1945 military campaign, Deaths due to Nazi political, racial and religious persecution, Expulsion and flight of ethnic Germans [1]:Constitution Article 5 5. The eight points represent the eight beatitudes that Jesus pronounced in his Sermon on the Mount. The Order states that it was the hospitaller role that enabled the Order to survive the end of the crusading era; nonetheless, it retains its military title and traditions. Pohlmann continued to carry on developing and adding to his ideas and those of Dipl Ing Karl Plauth (Plauth was killed in a flying accident in November 1927), and produced the Ju A 48, which underwent testing on 29 September 1928. The oil tanker Niger was also destroyed. [20], The Ju 87 was a single-engined all-metal cantilever monoplane. Among Eicke's early trainees at Dachau was Rudolf Hss, who later commanded the Auschwitz concentration camp. . [80] By May 1942, demand increased further. O ustakim klanjima nema ni slova", "Skandalozno pozivanje ovjeka koji negira zloinaki karakter Jasenovca", "JUSP Jasenovac THE FOUNDATION AND OPERATION OF JASENOVAC MEMORIAL SITE UP TO 1991", "JUSP Jasenovac THE FLOWER MONUMENT IN JASENOVAC", "JAMA Tekst: Ivan Goran Kovai; Translation: Alec Brown; Pogovor:Jure Katelan", "Ukaz o proglaenju Zakona o Spomen-podruju Jasenovac", "H.CON.RES. After the reoccupation by the USSR, 16,000 Estonians died in Soviet repressions during 194453. [184] The Roma were all hauled in at the same time, kept in an open, barbed-wired area where other inmates could see them, and all murdered within a couple of months. Designed by Hermann Pohlmann, it first flew in 1935. [75], Upon arrival at the camp, the prisoners were marked with colors, similar to the use of Nazi concentration camp badges: blue for Serbs, and red for communists (non-Serbian resistance members), while Roma had no marks. [138], In Greece, despite British aid, little air opposition was encountered. The Council of the Professed Knights "assists the Grand Master in the spiritual care of the Order and in the governance of the First and Second Class". Jasenovac (pronounced [jasnoats]) was a concentration and extermination camp established in the village of the same name by the authorities of the Independent State of Croatia (NDH) in occupied Yugoslavia during World War II.The concentration camp, one of the ten largest in Europe, was established and operated by the governing Ustae regime, Europe's only Nazi [15], On 27 July 1936, Udet crashed the He 118 prototype, He 118 V1 D-UKYM. Ustae sources state that they sent 28,700 people to these camps in the summer of 1941. [105], The Ju 87 units had learned lessons from the Polish and Norwegian campaigns. 73538. On 29 May the Royal Navy destroyer HMS Grenade was severely damaged by a Ju 87 attack within Dunkirk's harbour, and subsequently sank. (International Population Statistics Reports series P-90, No. Sailors 300,386 killed and 12,275 wounded and missing. (Laypersons have no such restriction.) It was abandoned in North Africa and found by British forces in 1941. [17] Immediately after this incident, Udet announced the Stuka the winner of the development contest. [152] Walter Grnn testified that: "All the oil and beams from the camp were taken to Gradina [one of the main killing fields at Jasenovac]. [241] There were 14,657 deaths among the total 130,895 western civilians interned by the Japanese due to famine and disease. Universe, Inc. (July 13, 2005). Pilots were trained at night, over unfamiliar terrain, and forced to rely on their instruments for direction. [18] However, its day-to-day administration was comprised almost exclusively of Croatians, including monks and nuns, under the leadership of the Ustae. Netherlands figure listed in the table of 112,000 Jews taken from, Donald L. Niewyk, professor of history at Southern Methodist University, maintains that the Holocaust can be defined in four ways: first, that it was the genocide of the Jews alone; second, that there were several parallel Holocausts, one for each of the several groups; third, the Holocaust would include Roma and the handicapped along with the Jews; fourth, it would include all racially motivated German crimes, such as the murder of Soviet prisoners of war, Polish and Soviet civilians, as well as political prisoners, religious dissenters, and homosexuals. Adolf Bruno Heinrich Ernst Heusinger (4 August 1897 30 November 1982) was a German military officer whose career spanned the German Empire, the Weimar Republic, Nazi Germany and West Germany.

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