In der Hauptrolle ist der Regisseur selbst zu sehen. it would be well for any who have a lost horse to advertise, or a town-meeting warrant, or a sermon, or a letter to write, to study this universal letter-writer, for he knows more than the grammar or the dictionary. [217] Emerson saw Carlyle as "not mainly a scholar," but "a practical Scotchman, such as you would find in any saddler's or iron-dealer's shop, and then only accidentally and by a surprising addition, the admirable scholar and writer he is. 16 1854 21 - (18151876) (18211896). , , , [19]. During his trip, he was accompanied by John Tyndall, Thomas Henry Huxley and Thomas Erskine. . (2004) . . Wegen homosexueller Unzucht wurde er 1895 zu zwei Jahren Zuchthaus mit harter Zwangsarbeit verurteilt; sie ruinierten seine Gesundheit. Chapman is best 30 2011 111- . Chiefly remembered today as a playwright, especially for The Importance of Being Earnest, and as the author of The Picture of Dorian Gray; Wilde's oeuvre includes criticism, poetry, children's fiction, and a large selection of reviews, lectures and journalism. Lord Alfred Bruce Douglas (22 October 1870 20 March 1945), also known as Bosie Douglas, was an English poet and journalist, and a lover of Oscar Wilde.At Oxford he edited an undergraduate journal, The Spirit Lamp, that carried a homoerotic subtext, and met Wilde, starting a close but stormy relationship. , , -. [291] Individual reformers took inspiration from him, including Octavia Hill,[292] Emmeline Pankhurst[293] and Jane Addams. [112] Carlyle made a second expedition to Germany in 1858 to survey the topography of battlefields, which he documented in Journey to Germany, Autumn 1858, published posthumously. , . [64] Here, he completed his "Conversion" which began with the Leith Walk incident. was all that Dew and Harper and Calhoun and Hammond desired. : , , . . Cook, E. T.; Wedderburn, Alexander, eds. Die Wahrheit der Masken (The Truth of Masks, 1885)| Noting that the etymological root meaning of the word "King" is "Can" or "Able", Carlyle put forth his ideal government in "The Hero as King": Find in any country the Ablest Man that exists there; raise him to the supreme place, and loyally reverence him: you have a perfect government for that country; no ballot-box, parliamentary eloquence, voting, constitution-building, or other machinery whatsoever can improve it a whit. [4] Later, in a publication of letters between Ada Leverson and Ross in 1930, Letters to the Sphinx, the anonymous donor was revealed to be Helen Carew, with financial assistance from novelist Stephen Hudson (Sydney Schiff). , , , , . Carlyle was a renowned conversationalist. Rupert Everett inszenierte den 2018 verffentlichten Film The Happy Prince, in dem es um Wildes letzte Lebensjahre im Exil geht. Billing had accused Allan, who was performing Wilde's play Salome, of being part of a deliberate homosexual conspiracy to undermine the war effort. When Douglas eventually gained funds from his late father's estate, he refused to grant Wilde a permanent allowance, although he gave him occasional sums. [242] Germaine Bre has shown the considerable impact that Carlyle had on the thought of Andr Gide. In 1924, while in prison, Douglas echoed Wilde's composition of De Profundis (From the Depths) during his incarceration and wrote his last major poetic work, In Excelsis (In the Highest) in 17 cantos. , . , . , . , , . He felt they had contributed nothing to the "wealth" of mankind, comparing "the Jews with their morbid imaginations and foolish sheepskin Targums" to "The Norse with their steel swords guided by fresh valiant hearts and clear veracious understanding". In 1851, Carlyle wrote The Life of John Sterling as a corrective to Julius Hare's unsatisfactory 1848 biography. Wilde was convicted on 25 May 1895 and sentenced to two years' hard labour, first at Pentonville, then Wandsworth, then famously in Reading Gaol. [79] That autumn, he arranged for the publication of a history of the French Revolution and set about researching and writing it shortly thereafter. Oscar Wildes Vater, William Wilde, war Irlands fhrender Ohren- und Augenarzt und schrieb Bcher ber Archologie, Folklore und den Satiriker Jonathan Swift. Carlyle struggled through research and writing, telling von Ense it was "the poorest, most troublesome and arduous piece of work he has ever undertaken". Oscar Wilde, "The Soul of Man under Socialism," 1891, Wilde's deepest concern was with man's soul; when he analysed poverty and its causes and effects in "The Soul of Man under Socialism" it was not simply the material well-being of the poor that distressed him, but how society does not allow them to reach a form of self-understanding and enlightenment. Im Gefngnis herrschte Redeverbot fr die Insassen. While embracing the latter as necessary in order to cleanse society of various forms of anarchy and misgovernment, he denounced their democratic undercurrent and insisted on the need for authoritarian leaders. A House of Pomegranates is a collection of fairy tales, written by Oscar Wilde, that was published in 1891 as a second collection for The Happy Prince and Other Tales (1888). The writing of "The Soul of Man" followed Wilde's conversion to anarchist philosophy, following his reading of the works of Peter Kropotkin.. His maxim was that "man was created to work, not to speculate, or feel, or dream. "If one had to settle upon a single word to characterize the Victorian view of Carlyle, that word should beTeacher", writes Tennyson. [20] It is said that the cemetery manager used them as a paperweight. Marquess of Queensberry, [Francis Douglas] and Percy Colson. . [35] Seine Schulden beliefen sich nach seinem Tod auf 400 Pfund, die sein Freund und Verwalter des literarischen Nachlasses, Robert Ross, beglich. In response to the card and with Douglas's avid support, but against the advice of friends such as Robbie Ross, Frank Harris and George Bernard Shaw, Wilde had Queensberry arrested and charged with criminal libel in a private prosecution, as sodomy was then a criminal offence. , 1897 , . ( 3, 3 , C[25]). [283] His economic statism influenced the progressive American Economic Association's early concept of "intelligent social engineering" (which has been described as elitist and eugenicist). Tennyson considers Froude's biography (18821884) as at once "the shining example of the Victorian view of Carlyle" in its reverent adherence to Carlyle's message and the herald of "a new and rather untidy phase of Carlyle's reputation" for its focus on his personal relationships, particularly with his wife. Jahrhundert aus dem Geist des sthetizismus zu verbinden, die er im Vorjahr in Amerika propagiert hatte. Finding aid to Alfred Bruce Douglas papers at Columbia University. [265] But Nietzsche rejected this. ). Nachdem Wilde ein jhrliches Stipendium von 95 gewonnen hatte, studierte er von 1874 bis 1878 am Magdalen College in Oxford. 1887 1889 [18]. Everything You Always Wanted to Know About Sex* (*But Were Afraid to Ask) is a 1972 American sex comedy anthology film directed by Woody Allen.It consists of a series of short sequences loosely inspired by David Reuben's 1969 book of the same name.. there goes the man who has seen hell". The character D'Estrange is clearly based on Oscar Wilde. [255], J. H. Muirhead wrote that Carlyle "exercised an influence in England and America that no other did upon the course of philosophical thought of his time". The trial resulted in a hung jury. [46], Douglas died of congestive heart failure in Lancing, West Sussex, on 20 March 1945 at the age of 74. They often argued and broke up, but would always be reconciled. "[80][81] By September, the volume was rewritten. Jane Wilde was a niece (by marriage) of the novelist, playwright and clergyman Charles Maturin (1780 , , , , , , , , . Man wei, dass Oscar Wilde in Wirklichkeit ein Perfektionist war und seine eigenen Werke immer wieder intensiv berarbeitete, bis er damit zufrieden war. Februar 1896 besuchte, um ihn auch vom krzlichen Tod seiner Mutter persnlich zu unterrichten, war erschttert vom Zustand ihres Mannes. 1864 1871 ( , ). In answer Queensberry wrote to Alfred (whom he addressed as "You miserable creature") that he had divorced Alfred's mother so as not to "run the risk of bringing more creatures into the world like yourself" and that when Alfred was a baby, "I cried over you the bitterest tears a man ever shed, that I had brought such a creature into the world, and unwittingly committed such a crime. You must be demented.". Then came the most trying time of my life. "[57] The incident was the beginning of Carlyle's "Conversion", the process by which he "'authentically took the Devil by the nose'"[58] and flung "him behind me". 55 , // , New Style | , -. [44] In seinem Brief aus dem Gefngnis (in stark gekrzter Version erstmals 1905 unter dem Titel De Profundis verffentlicht) spricht Wilde mit uerster Hochachtung von dem im Londoner Exil lebenden Kropotkin, mit dem er die Erfahrung jahrelangen Gefngnisses teilte: Ein Mann mit der Seele jenes schneeweien, schnen Christus, der aus Ruland hervorzugehen scheint.[45], In einer Umfrage der franzsischen Literaturzeitschrift LErmitage hatte er sich schon 1873 als Knstler und Anarchist bezeichnet. , , , , , . "Carlyle as Epic Historian." He stoops slightly and drags a leg. Carlyle began teaching at Annan Academy in June 1814. ", On Heroes, Hero-Worship, & the Heroic in History, Occasional Discourse on the Negro Question, History of Friedrich II. [9] In 1890, she published a novel, Gloriana, or the Revolution of 1900, in which women's suffrage is achieved after a woman posing as a man named Hector D'Estrange is elected to the House of Commons. "[344], From Goethe's recognition of Carlyle as "a moral force of great importance" in 1827 to the celebration of his centennial as though he were a national hero in 1895, Carlyle had long enjoyed a high reputation in Germany. Weitere Bedeutungen sind unter, Vortragstourneen im Vereinigten Knigreich und Heirat, Homosexualitt im Viktorianischen Zeitalter, Theaterstcke und Ballett ber Oscar Wilde. Das Werk ist allerdings eine Flschung der vorgeblichen bersetzerin Fanny Wei.[56]. , , [20]. 28 , , . In der Kapelle trennten Zwischenwnde die auf Kirchenbnken wie in offenen Srgen Sitzenden. [335], Carlyle "resembled most of his contemporaries" in his beliefs about Jews, identifying them with capitalist materialism and outmoded religious orthodoxy. "[349], In 1945, Joseph Goebbels frequently sought consolation from Carlyle's History of Frederick the Great. Die fromme Kurtisane (La Sainte Courtisane, Fragment)| , , , , , , . "[168] He distinguishes between the "Artist in History" and the "Artisan in History". (1888): : (1960) (1972), . [154], Carlyle revered what he called the "Bible of Universal History",[155] a "real Prophetic Manuscript"[156] which incorporates the poetic and the factual to show the divine reality of existence. , . Lord Illingworth is a bachelor and an insatiable flirt, who is widely admired for his wit, while the woman he seduced 20 years earlier has had to hide the shame of her sons illegitimacy. [18] Carlyle always spoke highly of his parents, and his character was deeply influenced by both of them. In Hoddam Hill, Carlyle found respite from the "intolerable fret, noise and confusion" that he had experienced in Edinburgh, and observed what he described as "the finest and vastest prospect all round it I ever saw from any house", with "all Cumberland as in amphitheatre unmatchable". [16] The Marquess and a bodyguard confronted the playwright in his own home; later, Queensberry planned to throw rotten vegetables at Wilde on the first night of The Importance of Being Earnest, but forewarned of this, Wilde was able to deny him access to the theatre. Januar 1882 zu einem bemerkenswerten Zusammentreffen. Thats why libraries turn to Ebook Central for their ebook needs. Their relationship had always been a strained one and, during the Queensberry-Wilde feud, Douglas sided with Wilde, even encouraging Wilde to prosecute the Marquess for libel. Each of his subsequent works, from On Heroes (1841) to History of Frederick the Great (185865) and beyond, were highly regarded throughout Europe and North America. "[89] Despite his inexperience as a lecturer and deficiency "in the mere mechanism of oratory," reviews were positive and the series proved profitable for him.[90]. , , , , . Large amounts of material were published in response to the provocations of the Revisionists, so, in a sense, their approach "dominat[ed] Carlyle scholarship for many years". Wilde berichtete spter vom Grauen und Terror, die eine bevorstehende Hinrichtung unter den Mitgefangenen auslste.[28]. A leading writer of the Victorian era, he exerted a profound influence on 19th-century art, literature and philosophy.. Born of peasant parents in Ecclefechan, Dumfriesshire, Carlyle attended the University of Edinburgh where he excelled in mathematics, inventing the Carlyle [44], In the book, Secret Historian, Samuel Steward (a professor, poet, and novelist) wrote in his diary that he met Lord Douglas when Douglas was 67 Steward was 27. [21] The stone has also been covered in graffiti, almost exclusively letters of love to the author, but this is not as damaging as the lipstick kisses. [148], the sacred mystery of the Universe; what Goethe calls 'the open secret. , . "The Soul of Man Under Socialism" is an 1891 essay by Oscar Wilde in which he expounds a libertarian socialist worldview and a critique of charity. In the University library, he read many important works of eighteenth-century and contemporary history, philosophy, and belles-lettres. His influence on Western theatre, culture and politics extended from the 1880s to his death and beyond. [250] Victorian specialist Alice Chandler writes that the influence of his medievalism is "found throughout the literature of the Victorian age". English poet, translator and prose writer, 18701945, "Alfred Douglas" redirects here. [88] Akin to the seasons, societies have autumns of dying faiths, winters of decadent atheism, springs of burgeoning belief and brief summers of true religion and government. , , . Churchill's reward was a houseful of furniture valued at 40,000. Douglas was angered at Wilde's criticism, and claimed that the errors were in fact in Wilde's original play. His private correspondence has also been published. ( , , , , .) : , . Sein Kommentar war angeblich: Ich sterbe ber meine Verhltnisse, seine letzten Worte: Entweder geht diese scheuliche Tapete oder ich.[32][33], Seine Frau Constance starb ein Jahr nach seiner Haftentlassung, am 7. ., , 2004. , - ( . . Having completed the first volume after five months of writing, he lent the manuscript to Mill, who had been supplying him with materials for his research. In, sfn error: no target: CITEREFKerryPionkeDent (. [38] In October, Carlyle resigned from his position at Kirkcaldy, and left for Edinburgh in November. . ). , , , . [124] In 1868, he wrote reminiscences of John Wilson and William Hamilton, and his niece Mary Aitken Carlyle moved into 5 Cheyne Row, becoming his caretaker and assisting in the editing of Jane's letters. (60 ) . He preached "Natural Supernaturalism",[3] the idea that all things are "Clothes" which at once reveal and conceal the divine, that "a mystic bond of brotherhood makes all men one",[4] and that duty, work and silence are essential. [12] In Epstein's original sketchings there is a list of ten sins, however none are recognisable clearly on the final monument apart from the Egyptian-like helmet haircuts on the women. [304][305] Richard Wagner used Carlyle, whom he called a "great thinker", to justify his later German nationalism. , . On converting to Roman Catholicism in 1911, he repudiated homosexuality and in a High-Catholic magazine, Plain English, expressed openly anti-Semitic views, but rejected the policies of Nazi Germany. . [53] In 1827 Carlyle attempted to land the Chair of Moral Philosophy at St. Andrews without success, despite support from an array of prominent intellectuals, including Goethe. Scott war einer der fhrenden Architekten der Neogotik und Schpfer vieler Kirchen. [16], Nachdem seine Einknfte aus der Amerika-Tournee aufgebraucht waren, unternahm Wilde zwei Vortragstourneen durch das Vereinigte Knigreich. [318] William Holman Hunt considered Carlyle to be a mentor of his. Douglas ceased to be editor after issue 67 in 1921, after a row with Spencer. [131] An offer of interment at Westminster Abbey, which he had anticipated, was declined by his executors in accordance with his will. Douglas's feelings towards Wilde began to soften after Douglas's own incarceration in 1924. He was a defence witness in the libel case brought by Maud Allan against Noel Pemberton Billing in 1918. ., , 2004. George Eliot summarised Carlyle's impact in 1855: It is an idle question to ask whether his books will be read a century hence: if they were all burnt as the grandest of Suttees on his funeral pile, it would be only like cutting down an oak after its acorns have sown a forest. 1848. . , , , , . "[203] Matthew Arnold advised: "Flee Carlylese as you would the devil. Lord Alfred Bruce Douglas (22 October 1870 20 March 1945), also known as Bosie Douglas, was an English poet and journalist, and a lover of Oscar Wilde. He does not go to the dictionary, the wordbook, but to the word-manufactory itself, and has made endless work for the lexicographers . [48] In May and June, Carlyle wrote a review-article on the work of Christopher Hansteen, translated a book by Friedrich Mohs, and read Goethe's Faust. , , , , , . [121][122] From December 1866 to March 1867,[123] Carlyle resided at the home of Louisa Baring, Lady Ashburton in Menton, where he wrote reminiscences of Irving, Jeffrey, Robert Southey, and William Wordsworth. [118] Carlyle was elected Lord Rector of Edinburgh University in November 1865, succeeding William Ewart Gladstone and defeating Benjamin Disraeli by a vote of 657 to 310.[119]. , , . . ( ). Die ffentlichkeit kannte ihn als wortgewandten, geistreichen Unterhalter und Dandy. . open to all, seen by almost none! I should either have gone mad or made an end of myself had I not fallen in with some very superior minds. . [126], In the spring of 1874, Carlyle accepted the Pour le Mrite fr Wissenschaften und Knste from Otto von Bismarck and declined Disraeli's offers of a state pension and the Knight Grand Cross in the Order of the Bath in the autumn. [3], Whilst transporting the monument to the cemetery in France from his Cheyne Walk studios in London, Epstein ran into trouble with the policehaving rejected its status as a work of art, French customs placed a punishing import duty of 120 on the monument for the value of the stone. Er verhielt sich oft berheblich und berlegen. "Despite the pleas of these critics," Cumming reported in 2004, "Carlyle's status as a great, powerful writer has not been rehabilitated even within the universities, and his name is unlikely ever to have the widespread popular currency of such contemporaries as George Eliot, Charles Dickens, or the Bronts. The wording is in dispute the handwriting is unclear although Hyde reports it as this. Am bekanntesten sind Lady Windermeres Fan (1892), A Woman of No Importance (1893), An Ideal Husband (1895) und The Importance of Being Earnest (1895), das die Oberklasse satirisch darstellt und als eines seiner besten Werke gilt. Thomas Carlyle (4 December 1795 5 February 1881) was a Scottish essayist, historian and philosopher. Der Pariser Korrespondent der New York Times fiel auf dieses Gercht herein und suchte erfolglos nach Zeugen, die den toten Wilde gesehen haben sollten. . Das ehemalige Zuchthaus von Reading wird als eines der berhmtesten Gefngnisse der Welt genannt. On the other side of this discussion, the architectural historian Lisa Marie has called this an act of devotion and a "fitting monument to a great decadent and aesthete. [133] His private funeral, held on 10 February, was attended by family and a few friends, including Froude, Conway, Tyndall, and William Lecky, as local residents looked on. 1896 . , , . Sie alle folgten demselben Prinzip der Separation. , , . Lord Alfred Douglas later said that he received only a letter from Ross with a few choice quotations and didn't know there was a letter until reference was made to it in a biography of Wilde's on which Ross had consulted. See paragraph 1.C below. [26] A fine of 9,000 euros was created to deter fans, but as many of them were tourists who could leave before being brought to court this did little to stop the practice. [128] The American Academy of Arts and Sciences elected him a Foreign Honorary Member in 1878. "[192], Carlyle's writing is highly allusive. "[30] In 1921 he declared it was not acceptable to "shift responsibility" onto the Jews. August vom Spielplan gestrichen. Wilde wurde zu Vorlesungen nach Nordamerika eingeladen. [196] The influence of Homer, particularly his attention to detail, his strongly visual imagination, and his appreciation of language, is also seen in Past and Present and Frederick the Great. The phrase "The love that dare not speak its name" appears in one, (Two Loves), though it is widely misattributed to Wilde. , , , , Theoretikos [12]. Carlyle could at once use imaginative powers of rhetoric and vision to "render the familiar unfamiliar". Events are multi-dimensional, possessing the physical properties of "breadth", "depth" and "length", and are ultimately based on "Passion and Mystery", characteristics that narrative, which is by its nature one-dimensional, fails to render.
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