loss of stress due to friction depends upon

Explanation: No answer description available for this question. This is because, steel beams are externally prestressed and hence it can be assumed that the loss of prestress that occurs at every (transfer and working) stage of prestress is measured and. It is similar to creep of concrete. This deformation usually occurs in the direction the force is being applied. The wobble effect is the result of ____________ c) Type of steel 3. The total loss of prestress due to friction is of ____________ a) 4 types Loss of stress due to the wobble effect, which depends upon the local deviations in the alignment of cable. Add your answer and earn points. The action of the frictional shear stresses on the surface of the body leads to a frictional drag force, opposing the motion of the body through the fluid. We use Darcy's equation to calculate the loss due to friction in pipes, h_L=f\times \frac {L} {D}\times \frac {v^2} {2g} \,. Course Hero uses AI to attempt to automatically extract content from documents to surface to you and others so you can study better, e.g., in search results, to enrich docs, and more. Typical boundary layer velocity profiles for laminar and turbulent flows are shown in Fig. The surface shear stress ( w) depends on the viscosity of the . 56. I am inclined to answer no because according to my equation it depends on acceleration, but on the other hand acceleration . a) 0.13 Basically, long term pressure or stress on concrete can make it change shape. 12 days ago, Posted a) 150mm Required fields are marked *. Steps may be taken to reduce these losses Note - Symbol ?, I used here for a change in length (All Symbols have their usual meanings) 1.LOSS DUE TO ELASTIC DEFORMATION OF CONCRETE: The loss of prestress due to elastic deformation of concrete depends on the modular ratio and the average stress in concrete at the Posted d) 1-(+Kx) ii) . The final select list will be released after the Interview. d) Electrical members View problem 2 on loss of stress due to friction.pdf from CIVIL 001 at Osmania University. The loss of stress due to curvature effect depends upon ____________ 2011-2022 Sanfoundry. 2. The candidates who will get qualified in the prelims are eligible to attend the mains. Sanfoundry Global Education & Learning Series Prestressed Concrete Structures. 128. Now the question in my lab ask does the coefficient depend on speed. Engineering 2022 , FAQs Interview Questions. Scribd is the world's largest social reading and publishing site. The loss of prestress due to creep of concrete is obtained as the product of the modulus of elasticity of the prestressing steel and the ultimate creep strain of the concrete fiber integrated along the line of center of gravity of the prestressing tendon at the section at which creep loss is being calculated for bonded tendons. area of contact only [B]. (2) Why does friction not depend upon area of contact_ - Quora - View presentation slides online. This preview shows page 1 - 3 out of 3 pages. The magnitude of loss of stress due to friction is of following types: - a. In post stressing losses are due to :- Elastic deformation - 1%. Due to shrinkage stresses, a simply supported beam having reinforcement only at bottom tends to a) deflect downward b) deflect upward Head loss - (Measured in Meter) - Head loss is a measure of the reduction in the total head (sum of elevation head, velocity head and pressure head) of the fluid as it moves through a fluid system. Losses of prestress depend on the va Continue Reading David Wilmshurst The loss of stress due to friction is given as ____________a) 1-(+Kx)b) 1-(+Kx)c) 1-(+Kx)d) 1-(+Kx)Answer: aClarification: The prestressing force at section is given by:Px = pe-(+kx), Loss of stress (f)f = 1-(+Kx),Px = Prestressing force at section x, P = initial prestressing force, = coefficient of friction between the cable and concrete, k = wobble effect, d = cumulative angle. Bearing friction loss generally depends on the type of bearing used and on the viscosity of the lubricant. Friction due to surface irregularity- When two objects come into contact, they create friction due to surface irregularities. 15 days ago, Posted The experimentally observed linear relationship between the macroscopic static friction coefficient and the critical length l c indicates that the imprint corresponds to the stress distribution when the propagation length of the precursor reaches l c, which is maintained after the subsequent precursor has passed. In the case of post tensioned members the tendons are housed in ducts preformed in concrete. Subsequently the flow velocity decreases to V2 in the smaller pipe. 4. The mechanical losses are also constant for a d.c. machine. Frictional losses can be reduced by several methods: Over tensioning the tendons by an amount equal to the maximum frictional loss c) Tensile alignment depends upon the type of wedges and the stress in the wires. 4. b) Extreme alignment 2.What is friction? The gradual reduction of this introduced compressive stress in a prestressed member due to various reasons is called losses of prestress. All rights reserved. Were the solution steps not detailed enough? It must be noted, at very large Reynolds numbers, the friction factor is independent of the Reynolds number. b) Pre tensioned members none of these: Answer: Option B. To know more check the 6. not needed provided equally on inner and front faces Calculate the maximum stress to be applied to the wires at the jack? 1ACoouale beam of Prustnsed by dleep, s Cable i Cable ta oo Nmm TSDrmm bdlow at Cable Ond 200 Friction Loss in Fittings & Valves (Hff) Approach Calculation of Friction Loss Definition of a Constant/Factor of Friction Loss This Value, "K", is constant - Does not depends on Reynolds Number The Energy Loss due to friction - Is directly proportional to the SQUARE of the speed K = adminesional E = V2 = m2/s2 = J/kg Friction Loss for each cable In the template, the total friction loss is computed by summing up the friction losses from the cables. View Answer, 2. Pages 277 This preview shows page 184 - 186 out of 277 pages. Based on the observation, about 2 per cent loss occurs in pre-tensioned members, whereas about 3 per cent loss of stress occurs in post-tension members . The ducts are either straight or follow a curved profile depending upon the design requirements. Relaxation of Steel - 3%. The loss of stress due to curvature effect depends upon ____________a) Alignmentb) Midpointc) Centerlined) Exterior pointAnswer: aClarification: The loss of stress due to the curvature effect, which depends upon the tendon form or alignment which generally follows a curved profile along the length of the beam, curvature coefficient is expressed as and wobble coefficient is expressed as k/m. The wobble or wave effect is the result of accidental or unavoidable misalignment. b) Ray effect The friction between tendon and duct due to change of duct profile. 1. Where there are numerous fittings and the pipe is short, the major part of the head loss will be due to the local mixing near the fittings. 10. c) 850n/mm2 It also depends on other factors like the material of the . c) Centerline Only if you are an existing PayPal customer. There are 3 stages of selection process - Prelims, Mains and Interview. Most Asked Technical Basic CIVIL | Mechanical | CSE | EEE | ECE | IT | Chemical | Medical MBBS Jobs Online Quiz Tests for Freshers Experienced . f = 64/Re The friction factor for turbulent flow depends strongly on the relative roughness. PRESTRESS LOSS DUE TO WOBBLE FRICTION (Ref. The wobble effect is the result of ____________a) Misalignmentb) Extreme alignmentc) Tensile alignmentd) Anchorage alignmentAnswer: aClarification: The wobble or wave effect is the result of accidental or unavoidable misalignment since ducts cannot be perfectly located to follow a predetermined profile throughout the length of the beam, the coefficient due to wobble effect may be reduced to zero where the clearance between the duct and cable is sufficiently large to eliminate wave effect so as the sheath is made up of heavy gauge steel tube with water tight joints, where a deformation of duct profile is prevented during the vibration of concrete. The friction factor for laminar flow is independent of roughness of the pipe's inner surface. Prestress loss due to friction occurs. View Answer, 6. 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Question: Coefficient of friction depends upon [A]. 8. Frictional losses can be reduced by several methods: Over tensioning the tendons by an amount equal to the maximum frictional loss. The value of '' in loss of stress equation depends upon ____________ a) Type of curing b) Type of concrete c) Type of steel d) Type of aggregates View Answer 8. a) Wave effect Find the angle between tangents to the cable at supports?a) 0.13b) 0.12c) 0.10d) 0.23Answer: bClarification: b = 200mm, d = 450mm, l = 10m, r = 84m, d = 5m,Angle between the horizontal tangent drawn to the cable at support sin = (5/84) = 0.06radians,Cumulative angle between tangents to the cable at supports = (20.06) = 0.12radians. This sums up to be 15%. The value of in loss of stress equation depends upon ____________a) Type of curingb) Type of concretec) Type of steeld) Type of aggregatesAnswer: cClarification: The values of (coefficient of curvature effect) depend upon the type of steel and concrete used in construction and are given in Indian standard codes of practice, coefficient of friction can be considerably reduced by variety of lubricants, particularly greases, oil, graphite mixtures, paraffin, the use of paraffin wax gives by far the coefficient of friction especially with high contact pressure. 9 months ago, Posted Admin April 09, 2020. Get plagiarism-free solution within 48 hours, Submit your documents and get free Plagiarism report, By creating an account, you agree to our terms & conditions, We don't post anything without your permission, (Rate this solution on a scale of 1-5 below), Log into your existing Transtutors account. It can be seen that the measured stress depends not only on the friction parameter m but also on the aspect . The total loss of prestress due to friction is of ____________ Examples of Bad News & Good News Messages (Memos) . The amount of Frictional force by a fluid on an object depends upon the following: 1. Curvature effect: A total number of 151 vacancies are released for Civil, Mechanical and Electrical desciplines. Loss of prestress due to shrinkage of concrete depends upon (a) modulus of elasticity of concrete (b) stress in concrete at level of steel (c) shrinkage strain, 3. Does the question reference wrong data/reportor numbers? View Answer, 3. Find the angle between tangents to the cable at supports? Shrinkage of concrete - 6%. d) 800n/mm2 Relaxation of Steel Relaxation of steel is defined as the decrease in stress with time under constant strain. b) To combine the wobble & curvature effect, we can simply write, P2 = P1 e KL Or dividing by tendon area, the above equation can be written in terms of unit stresses, f2 = f1 e KL The friction loss is obtained from above expression. Use the following data: RELAXATION OF STEEL Loss due to Relaxation of Stress in Steel Loss of Stress due to Friction. The pressure drop per unit length 'p' due to friction in a pipe depends upon the diameter 'D' , the mean velocity 'v' , the density ' ' and the dynamic viscosity ''. Find the expected extension at the jack? SOLUTION p = function (D v ) = K Da vb c d p is pressure per metre [p] = ML-2T-2 [D] = L -1-1T-1 In systems where the tendons are Loss of head is incurred by fluid mixing which occurs at fittings such as bends or valves, and by frictional resistance at the pipe wall. a) 1-(+Kx) The true area of contact is equal to the normal force holding the surfaces together times the yield strength of the softer material, A=N/Sy. On what force friction depends? All Rights Reserved. c) 1-(+Kx) View Answer, 8. Friction force depends upon _____ of the fluid. The energy loss due to the sudden contraction depends upon the ratio of the pipe diameters D2 and D1 and the ratio Ac/A2. both (a) and (b) [D]. c) 8 types Creep of concrete - 5%. Friction loss will occur over the whole length of the tendons, and it is related to two sources. The value of in loss of stress equation depends upon ____________ Losses in pre-stressing are listed below: Post tensioning: Elastic deformation (No losses if all the wires are simultaneously tensioned but losses are recorded if the bars are successively tensioned), Relaxation of stress in steel, Shrinkage of concrete, Creep of concrete, Friction, Anchorage slip. c) Bubble effect a) Misalignment Hindustan College of Science & Technology, University of Petroleum and Energy Studies, Indian Institute of Information Technology and Management, Gwalior. ---- >> Below are the Related Posts of Above Questions :::------>>[MOST IMPORTANT]<, Your email address will not be published. Concept: Loss of stress due to relaxation of steel Relaxation is assumed to mean the loss of stress in steel under nearly constant strain at constant temperature. (adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({}); Engineering interview questions,Mcqs,Objective Questions,Class Lecture Notes,Seminor topics,Lab Viva Pdf PPT Doc Book free download. The wobble or wave effect is the result of accidental or unavoidable misalignment. It is determined by the Colebrook equation. The stress loss due to relaxation depends on the types of steel, initial pressure, and temperature. RS 23 Computer College South Africa (Pty) Ltd. New Document(12) 18-Jul-2021 12-22-48(1).pdf, Hindustan College of Science & Technology ECE 2005, University of Petroleum and Energy Studies BTECH ITAS01, Al Khawarizmi International College MICRO 101, Indian Institute of Information Technology and Management, Gwalior IT IMT, RS 23 Computer College South Africa (Pty) Ltd. 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In fluid dynamics, the Darcy-Weisbach equation is an empirical equation that relates the head loss, or pressure loss, due to friction along a given length of pipe to the average velocity of the fluid flow for an incompressible fluid. Exams 100+ PYPs & Mock Test, KPSC Assistant Engineer Civil Mock Test 2020, Maharashtra Subordinate Services Group B Mock Test, MPSC Subordinate Services Previous Year Papers, MPSC Assistant Town Planner Previous Year Papers, MPSC Livestock Development Officer Previous Year Papers, MPSC Motor Vehicle Inspector Previous Year Papers, MPSC Food Safety Officer Previous Year Papers, MPSC Assistant Commissioner Food Previous Year Papers, MPSC Assistant Director Previous Year Papers, MPSC Assistant Public Prosecutor Previous Year Papers. Shrinkage of concrete depends upon i) humidity of atmosphere ii) passage of time iii) stress The correct answer is a) (i) and (ii) b) (ii) and (iii) c) only (iii) d) All (i), (ii) and (iii) Ans: a 129. Other related documents. The wobble effect due to loss of stress is also known as ____________ Pages 401 ; This preview shows page 159 - 164 out of 401 pages.preview shows page 159 - 164 out of 401 pages. b) 0.12 The total loss of prestress due to friction is of ____________a) 4 typesb) 2 typesc) 8 typesd) 3 typesAnswer: bClarification: The total loss due to friction is divided into two types:Loss of prestress due to effect of curvature, Loss of prestress due to wobble effect and frictional losses can be reduced by over tensioning the tendons by an amount equal to the maximum frictional loss and jacking the tendons from both ends of the beam adopted generally, when the tendons are long or when the angles of bearing are large. a) 4 types The energy loss due to noise and vibration in the apparatus was assumed to be about 0.5%. d) 3 types one year ago, Posted 2. View Answer, 4. Loss of stress due to elastic deformation of concrete depends upon (a) relaxation of steel (b) friction and anchorage slip (c) modular ratio, 2. The amount of static friction depends only upon the nature of the surfaces in contact, rather than the area of the surfaces in contact. The loss of prestress due to friction generally occurs in case of ____________a) Post tensioned membersb) Pre tensioned membersc) Chemical membersd) Electrical membersAnswer: aClarification: Loss of prestress due to friction occurs in the case of post tensioned members, the tendons are housed in the ducts performed in concrete and the ducts are either straight or follow a curved profile depending upon the design requirements. 2007-2022 Learnify Technologies Private Limited. d) 133mm b) 2 types Find the relationship between these variables. a) Post tensioned members These two effects are given below: 1. only in post-tensioned beams only in pretensioned beams in both post-tensioned and preten-sioned beams none of the above The temperature reinforcement in the vertical slab of a T-shaped R.C. Nature of fluid. Copyright 2014-2022 Testbook Edu Solutions Pvt. 2. It is governed by the model: where is the force of friction exerted by each surface on the other. Loss of stress due to creep of concrete is influenced by (a) friction (b) creep coefficient (c) anchorage slip, 4. The wobble effect due to loss of stress is also known as ____________a) Wave effectb) Ray effectc) Bubble effectd) Bulb effectAnswer: aClarification: Loss of stress due to wobble effect, which depends upon the local deviations in the alignment of the cable and the wobble effect is also known as wave effect, the friction coefficient values for wave effect k are 0.15 per 100m for normal conditions, 1.5 per 100m for thin walled ducts where heavy vibrations are encountered and in other adverse conditions. 2. d) Anchorage alignment LOSS OF STRESS DUE TO FRICTION: On tensioning the curved tendons, loss of stress occurs in the post-tensioned members due to friction between the tendons and the surrounding concrete ducts.

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