effect of plant population on growth and yield

DOI: 10.1017/S002185960005841X Corpus ID: 86631012. Close this message to accept cookies or find out how to manage your cookie settings. Timmo) were aged they showed delayed field emergence and slower seedling growth. Yield per plant decreases gradually as plant population per unit area is increased, but yield per unit area increases upto certain level of population 8. However, this population-virus interaction was not evident when examining individual components of fitness. and (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. "useRatesEcommerce": false, Lemmon, H.E. Good puddle field conditions are needed to create a favorable environment for normal growth of rice plants. A field experiment was conducted at wondo genet Agriculture research center under the irrigated conditions to determine the effect of intra and inter-row spacing on growth and yield of Artemisia (Artemisia annua L.) during the two successive seasons Effect of plant population density on the growth and yield of sorghum varieties grown on a vertisol. Effect of Plant Population Density on Growth and Leaf Yield of Moringa Oleifera Lam. 2007. Main A 2-year field trial was conducted in South Africa during the 2017/2018 (Season 1) and 2018/2019 (Season 2 . The effects of photosynthetic photon flux (PPF), day temperature (DT) and night temperature (NT) on leaf number, leaf unfolding rate and shoot length were determined for chrysanthemum grown under short day (SD) conditions. 2017) and higher population levels, plants under different environmental stress conditions, or the soybean growth stage when H. zea infests the field could provide more insight on potential compensation mechanisms to H. zea reproductive tissue feeding. Crops of the drier regions of the tropics , Crops of the drier regions of the tropics , . Seed rate = 100 x 35/90 or 39 kg ha-1 (check the first table for likely establishment percent).. For a plot size of 10 m x eight rows (at 20 cm spacing), or 0.0016 ha . Fye, R.E. There was a greater positive relationship between total tuber yield and leaf area duration between tuber initiation and the final sampling period than that between it and absolute Leaf area duration. Contributions of life-history transitions and life-history traits to population growth rates varied among populations and virus treatments. Pucher, Michael A. Soil Science. Factorial combinations of four intra-rows (40, 60, 80, 100 cm) and four inter-row plant spacings (60, 80, 100, 120 cm) were laid out in a randomized complete block design with three replications. for this article. Crop growth rate increased with increasing leaf area, Cultural practices to optimize oilseed production were studied for 4 years (1974-1977) to obtain information on. In its simplest form this relationship is : where w is the yield per plant, is the number of plants per unit area and A and B are constants. Oilseed crop production has increased greatly in the Northern Plains in recent years. By clicking accept or continuing to use the site, you agree to the terms outlined in our. Klug, Martin In order to obtain wild. The effects of plant density on population yield and economic output value in maize and soybean intercropping were studied with the design of the double saturated D-optimal regression. Robinson and Worker (1969) concluded that the population influence on yield is the same over a wide range of climates. The proportion of dry matter accumulated in the pods and side branches decreased with increase in population, whereas the proportion accumulated in the main stem increased. Werni, Christian 3.1. SALISBURY, C. D. Several management practices are implemented to mitigate yield losses caused by SCN, including using SDHI (succinate dehydrogenase inhibitors) fungicides delivered as seed treatments. We use cookies to distinguish you from other users and to provide you with a better experience on our websites. Soybean (Glycine max (L.) Merr.) The obtained consequences recorded a significant effect in the vegetative characters at LSD 5% which are as follows: plant length (1.58 and 1.89), root length (2.09 and 1.42), number of leaves per . The seed yield of bean is the result of many plant growth processes which ultimately influence the yield components such as pods/plant, seeds/pod, and unit weight of seed. 2007. "displayNetworkTab": true, Research results published by Pioneer Hi-Bred Int'l from studies conducted in 2001 documented similar effects of plant spacing variability on corn grain yield, with reported yield losses due to PSV averaging 3.4 bpa per inch of SD ( Doerge et al . Crop growth rate increased with increasing leaf area, which in turn increased with increasing plant density. Light seems to be the major factor controlling grain yield in this variety of soya bean, low light intensity under the plant leading to a reduction in the number of side branches, number of pods per plant and number of nodes with pods. Published online by Cambridge University Press: This effect was attributed to increasing interception of light with. "displayNetworkTab": true, ., Shahin Yazdifar Effects of Plant Density, Interlighting, Light Intensity and Light Quality on Growth, Yield and Quality of Greenhouse Sweet Pepper" Optimizing Plant Density and Nitrogen Application to Manipulate Tiller Growth and Increase Grain Yield and Nitrogen-Use Efficiency in Winter Wheat Under high plant population individual plant yieldwill be low due to narrow spacing leading to competition between plants. They do so by dissolution, aeration, soil . Smooth Cayenne pineapples were planted in November 1986 in the Eastern Cape, South Africa, at plant population densities (population) of 43 421, 56 666, 65 570 and 82 500 plants ha-1.Plots were fertilized with 600 or 900 kg ha-1 of nitrogen applied to the plant and ratoon crop. Effect of Plant Population Density on Growth and Leaf Yield of Moringa Oleifera Lam. A higher number of plants is related to a higher number of fruit clusters and a higher number of fruits and, thereby, higher yield [12, 13]. 10 (6): 722-725 ; November-December, 2019 Baker, D.N. interaction effects on grain yield were significantly higher under the highest PPD (148,148. plants/ha) and 20, 40 and . . Reddy, V.R. The only reliable method of determining the fertilizer needs of a lawn is through a soil test to reveal the soil's native fertility, which will pinpoint potential problems you could not be aware of. ALDRICH, R. J. Light seems to be the major factor controlling grain yield in this variety of soya bean, low light intensity under the plant leading to a reduction in the number of side branches, number of pods per plant and number of nodes with pods. Wade et al. Summary In soya beans (var. In field trials at Giza in 1986-1987, cotton cv. The effect of virus on population growth rate depended on virus species and wild C. pepo population. This combination allows organic matter to disperse through the soil and also allows plants to access the nutrients they retains and enhance the soil's fertility. Yet little information is available on the relationship between maize population density and yield under no-tillage in semi-arid environments. Similarly, other findings confirm the highest marketable yield obtained from closer plant spacing [14, 15]. McKinion, J.M. Semantic Scholar is a free, AI-powered research tool for scientific literature, based at the Allen Institute for AI. The interaction between faba bean genotypes and plant population had significant effects on all studied characters except number of days to flowering. To quantify the impact of different agronomic management practices on soybean productivity, two studies were conducted to determine the value of the foliar application of two different foliar manganese products to relieve yellow flashing in glyphosate resistant soybeans sprayed with the herbicide glyphosate. Torabi Jaf, Azarakhash A set of studies was conducted to evaluate the effect of two seed . Total above-ground phytomass (TAGPM) was not significantly different among the plant populations, either during or at the end of the growing season. The results showed that plant density and . Giza 75 was sown at 166,000, 222,000 and 333,000 plants/ha and given foliar applications of 0, 250, 500 and 750 ppm Cycocel (chlormequat) or Alar (daminozide). } and and Effect of Plant Population Density on Plant Height, Percentage Groundcover and Percentage Plant Vigor 3.1.1. Kaul, Hans-Peter User. BEGONIA, G. B. hasContentIssue true, Copyright Cambridge University Press 1973. Crop growth rate increased with increasing leaf area, which in turn increased with increasing plant density. The effect of Abutilon theophrasti on dry matter, branching and flowering node, and seed production of soybean was evaluated and the effect was most pronounced on soybean seed yield, and less on flowering node and dry weight production. Abstract. Relative growth rate, however, decreased with rising population. A field experiment was conducted at wondo genet Agriculture research center under the irrigated conditions to determine the effect of intra and inter-row spacing on growth and yield of Artemisia (Artemisia annua L.) during the two successive seasons of 2013 and 2014. 7. "useSa": true Total loading time: 0.228 Baker, D.N. Unfortunately you do not have access to this content, please use the, Hostname: page-component-6f888f4d6d-82j64 You can download the paper by clicking the button above. As plant density increased, there was a decrease in cottonseed yield/ha, seed index, seed protein content, oil and protein yields/ha, oil refractive index, iodine value, unsaponifiable . . Effect of Plant Population Density on Plant Height Results on effects of population densities from different treatments on plant heights are presented in table 2 below. Plant architectural characteristics directly affect inter-plant interactions and cotton crop management. A field experiment to determine the effect of plant population densities on maize was conducted at the Agricultural Research Institute, Dera Ismail Khan, in mid July 2009. Journal of the American Society for Horticultural Science. Winkler, Johanna Content may require purchase if you do not have access. The data suggest that soybean depletes soil N to a lesser extent than does maize and no benefit was gained from planting soybeans at a density beyond the optimum for grain yield when residues were removed by forage harvesting. Plant population plays an important role in quality sugar beet pro duction. The magnitude of yield loss observed over 8 site-years ranged from 1.2 to 4.5 bpa per inch of SD. Whereas plant population had significant influences on days to 50% flowering, days to 50% maturity, number of branch, number of nodules, plant height, leaf area, number of pods, number of seed per . Effect of Plant Growth Regulators and Micronutrients Spray on Growth, Fruit Yield and Quality of Acid Lime (Citrus aurantifolia Swingle) cv. for this article. The fields having 225,000 plants per hectare produced the highest paddy yield of 4.6 ton/ha that was about 41 percent higher than the field with 175,000 plants per hectare. Growth, Yield Attributes and Yield. Safflower is. 1991. For late maturing varieties (more than 113 CRM) the optimum plant population was 26,000 plants per acre. The objective of this study, Two field experiments were carried out at the Botswana University of Agriculture and Natural Resources in Southern Region of Botswana to evaluate the effects of plant density and genotypes on yield, This research was conducted at Applying Research Field, Faculty of Agriculture, Namk Kemal University, Tekirda in 2016. Four safflower (Carthamus tinctorius L.) cultivars were evaluated at five plant populations in experiments over 2 yr at three North Dakota locations and Cultivar effects were significant for all yield components. Relative growth rate, however, decreased with rising population. "isUnsiloEnabled": true, ADEKOLA O.F, ABDULRAHAMAN A.L. Field experiments were conducted to evaluate plant population and N-fertilizer effects on yield and yield components of maize (Zea mays L.).Three levels of plant populations (53000, 66000, and 800000 plants ha 1 corresponding to spacings of 75 25, 60 25, and 50 25 cm) and 4 doses of N (100, 140, 180, and 220 kg ha 1) were the treatment variables. The production of biodiesel from the cold pressed oil of safflower of Balci variety grown in Yozgat ecological condition has been carried out and the fuel properties of the biodiesel produced were compared with that of TS EN 14214. The Effect of Plant Population Densities on Growth, Yield and Yield Components of Two Spring Rapeseed Cultivars Plant, Soil and Environment. Studies on the . Measurements were taken at seventy five days after planting . The experiment was a split. McKinion, J.M. hasContentIssue true, Copyright Cambridge University Press 1973. In the regression fitting model of planting density and yield, the highest yield was achieved at the planting density 240 000-260 000 plant/ha. "displayNetworkMapGraph": false, Close this message to accept cookies or find out how to manage your cookie settings. "shouldUseHypothesis": true, Effect of sowing dates and spacing on growth and yield of July 16th, 2020 - 45 row spacing whereas lowest leaf number 28 84 and leaf area per plant 97 76 sq cm was recorded with 15th August sowing and 45x30 . Field experiments were conducted to evaluate plant population and N-fertilizer effects on yield and yield components of maize (Zea mays L.).Three levels of plant populations (53000, 66000, and 800000 plants ha 1 corresponding to spacings of 75 25, 60 25, and 50 25 cm) and 4 doses of N (100, 140, 180, and 220 kg ha 1) were the treatment variables. This study investigated the effect of M. graminicola population densities on plant height, heading, and the photosynthetic parameters of rice in a greenhouse. View all Google Scholar citations Increased tolerance to competition for soil resources of modern maize (Zea mays L.) hybrids increases soil resource use efficiency and yield. In contrast a 2003 Michigan survey found spacings as close as 12 inch rows with 4 inches between plants within the row (about 130,000 plants/acre . Pucher, Michael A. Lambert, J.R. Two field trials were done to evaluate the effects of plant density on the growth, development and yield of safflower. Werni, Christian Effect of Spacing and Periodical Staggered Nipping on . 2014 English. 3H55F4/149/1) grown in Tanzania, the total dry matter per plant, pod weight/stem weight, shelling percentage, number of nodes per plant, number of pods per plant, percentage number of nodes with pods, number of filled pods per plant, number of branches per plant, and grain weight from side branches decreased with increase in plant density from 74 to 111, 222, and 444 thousand plants per hectare. Grain yield per hectare decreased by 38, 51, and 72% respectively with the increases in plant population, but yield of total dry matter per hectare showed a significant increase with density. Earthworms mix soil layers and bind the soil with organic matter. Abstract. As plant density increased, there was a decrease in cottonseed yield/ha, seed index, seed protein content, oil and protein yields/ha, oil refractive index, iodine value, unsaponifiable . In Pakistan grain yield of maize is very low as compared to other maize growing countries like Italy (9530 kg ha-1), Canada (6630 kg ha-1), China (4570 kg ha-1) and Argentina producing average maize yield of 5650 kg ha-1 (Tahir et al., 2009). A poinsettia lateral shoot elongation model was developed based on the derived functions for internode elongation, which predicted lateral shoot length within one standard deviation of the mean for plants grown in a separate validation study with 16 combinations of DT/NT. The interaction effect of the two factors brought about significant variation on aboveground biomass, leaf fresh weight, leaf dry weight, and Essential oil yield. Neugschwandtner, Reinhard W. yield. and <jats:p>The objective of the study was to determine the effect of plant population on the growth and yield of maize. Render date: 2022-11-04T02:21:12.256Z (2002) concluded that higher grain yield were observed with increasing plant densities. Effect of plant population on growth and yield of soya, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Bar es Salaam, Tanzania, https://doi.org/10.1017/S002185960005841X, Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. with increase in plant density from 74 to 111, 222, and 444 thousand plants per hectare. . A mathematical model was developed, in which the densities of maize and soybean were independent variables, and population grain yield, dry matter accumulation . 3H55F4/149/1) grown in Tanzania, the total dry matter per plant, pod weight/stem weight, shelling percentage, number of nodes per plant, number of pods per plant. Earthworms improve the soil's biological, chemical, and physical characteristics and serve as soil conditioners. The highest seed yields were obtained when all the above got maximized (Tessbo et al., 2004). However, plant height, number of primary branches per plant, and essential oil content were not influenced by the interaction effect. Effect of plant population on growth and yield of soya bean( Glycine max ) @article{Enyi1973EffectOP, title={Effect of plant population on growth and yield of soya bean( Glycine max )}, author={B. Neugschwandtner, Reinhard W. ), Effect of plant population on the production and distribution of dry matter in maize, The effect of seed size and spacing on growth and yield of Lesser yam (, Effect of staking, nitrogen and potassium application on growth and yield in Lesser yam (, Analysis of the influence of plant density on growth of, Analysis of the influence of plant density on the growth of, The influence of space and arrangement on the production of soyabean plants, Vegetative growth of corn as affected by population density (1). The highest shoot and leaves dry weights per unit area and essential oil yield was achieved by Isfahan population in plant density of 8 pl.m 2. Field experiments consisting nine spacing: three row to row (inter row: 43 cm, 50 cm and 60 cm) and three plant to plant (intra row: 10 cm, 15 cm and 20 cm) with plant population ranging from 8-23/m2, Two field trials were conducted in 2007 and 2008 to determine the appropriate sequence of planting and spatial arrangement for the maize-soybean intercropping system for optimum growth. Adam, Eveline Has data issue: true 113 CRM, the optimum plant population was 28,000 plants per acre. A possible genetic characteristic conducive to low optimal plant population is greater partitioning of dry matter into branches within the canopy. Puddling is an important operation to minimize soil nutrient leaching and thereby increasing the availability of plant nutrients and achieving reduced soil condition. Keywords. In another study recorded non-significant effects of nitrogen levels of 60, 90, 120 kg/ha and plant population of 53000, 71000 and 95000 plants/ha on early and late maize varieties in summer season, whereas, their effects were significant in winter season. Enter the email address you signed up with and we'll email you a reset link. Plant populations ranged from 122 to 458 plants m 2. It is shown that for many crops, earlier maturity is associated with higher harvest index, and/or it has been shown that photoperiod gene(s) control partitioning of photosynthate toward reproductive growth versus toward competitive partitioning to continued vegetative growth. SUMMARY Bernhart, Maria Field trials were therefore conducted to study the effects of four plant densities, varying from 2.0 to 12.5 plants m-2 on water and radiation use and performance of two Masakwa . Content may require purchase if you do not have access. 1991. Giza 75 was sown at 166,000, 222,000 and 333,000 plants/ha and given foliar applications of 0, 250, 500 and 750 ppm Cycocel (chlormequat) or Alar (daminozide). Grain yield per hectare decreased by 38, 51, and 72% respectively with the increases in plant population, but yield of total dry matter per hectare showed a significant increase with density. When seed samples of spring wheat (Triticum aestivum L., cv. 2015, International journal of Advanced Biological and Biomedical Research. A. C. Enyi}, journal={The Journal of Agricultural Science}, year={1973}, volume={81}, pages={131-138} } Medicine Insect Science. and Effect of plant population density on the growth and yield of sorghum varieties grown on a vertisol Initial rapid tillering resulted in a maximum tiller density within 37 to 63 d after seeding (DAS). Acock, B. It was concluded that under Botswana conditions or in semi-arid areas, safflower should be planted at 50 cm 20 cm or wider in order to maximize yield and oil content and allow the plants to express their maximum genetic potential. FUFA ANBESSA FEYISA, THOMAS ABRAHAM and HABTAMU ASHAGRE. 1986. We use cookies to distinguish you from other users and to provide you with a better experience on our websites. Grain yield per hectare decreased by 38, 51, and 72% respectively with the increases in plant population, but yield of total dry matter per hectare showed a significant increase with density. T1 (40000 plants ha-1), T 2 (60000 plant ha -1), T 3 (8 0000 plants ha -1), T 4 (100000 plants ha -1), T 5 (120,000 . The effect of H. zea feeding on soybean final yield is a complex process (Reisig et al. and That level of plant population is called as optimum population 9. ., Sahab Rahmanzade View all Google Scholar citations Main-stem and lateral pods, seed pod1, potential fruiting sites and lateral branch number were inversely proportional to plant density, and lateral pod production was more sensitive to population pressure than main-stem pod production. Effects of plant population and row spacing on yield and In the semi-arid and cold area with low soil moisture of northern Shanxi, the planting density of the kidney bean variety 'Yingguohong' is recommended to be 240 000-260 000 plant/ha. Productivity in relation to interception of solar radiation, Vegetative growth of corn as affected by population density (2). 588-591 ISSN: 0974-0112 Subject: Citrullus lanatus, fruit weight, fruits, grasses, horticulture, mulches, plant growth, soil temperature, soil water, vines, volumetric water content . Maize plant height is a very important parameter for biomass yield and nutritional quality of silages, and it also reflects crop growth attained during the growing period. Effect Of Plant Population Density On The Growth And Yield Of Sorghum Varieties Grown On A Vertisol Tabo, R and Olabanji, O G and Ajayi, O and Flower, D J (2002 . and Semantic Scholar is a free, AI-powered research tool for scientific literature, based at the Allen Institute for AI. 27 March 2009. Adam, Eveline Uneven distribution of plants can reduce grain yield compared to uniform distribution at the same density [3]. Effect of plant population and mulching on wild watermelon growth and yield Author: N. Mtumtum, A.T. Modi Source: Indian journal of horticulture 2014 v.71 no.4 pp. ., Abdollah Hasanzade Reddy, V.R. Feature Flags: { 1.9.2 . SALISBURY, C. D. Sorry, preview is currently unavailable. "displayNetworkMapGraph": false, 1.8.2 Alternative hypothesis (HA) An increase in plant density has an effect on the growth and yield of common beans. Winkler, Johanna Plant populations for oilseed hybrids range from 14,000 to 22,000 plants per acre. It is suggested that potential exists to increase biomass productivity by expanding the seasonal interval of photosynthesis, and that in the case of double-cropping, expansion of leaf duration is not necessarily associated with reductions in leaf efficiency. Bernhart, Maria The competitive effects of varying the density on the development of Vicia faba have been studied in a series of multifactorial experiments where the spacing both between and within rows was, THE complex problem of accounting for variations in the growth of crops may be simplified by consideration of two components of growth in a plant community, the net assimilation rate and the. Lemmon, H.E. ., Amir Fayaz Moghaddam In addition, the book discusses key application areas including economic, plant, population, forest, and firm growth and is suitable as a resource for assessing recent growth modeling trends in the medical field. Salt removal ability in leaf sheaths is a. DOAJ is a unique and extensive index of diverse open access journals from around the world, driven by a growing community, committed to ensuring quality content is freely available online for . Effect of Plant Growth Regulators on Yield and Quality of Tomato (Solanum Lycopersicum L.) Under Mid-Hill Conditions of Himachal Pradesh Until 1948, the USDA recommendation for pickling cucumber spacing was 6 to 7 feet between rows and 3 to 4 feet between plants in the row, for a planting density of 1,500 to 2,500 plants per acre. In this context, a field experiment was conducted to study the effect of herbicides on soil microflora, root nodulation, growth and yield of chickpea under rainfed condition during the rabi season of 2017-18 and 2018-19 at Zonal Research Station, Chianki, Palamau, (Birsa Agricultural University, Ranchi), Jharkhand (India). Therefore, it could be concluded that Artemisia annua could be planted at an optimum spacing of 40 x 60 cm in the Wondo genet area to attain maximum yield. An experiment was undertaken to determine the yield component and yield of haricot bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) varieties in the semiarid region of Dire Dawa, Ethiopia. Over-accumulation of salt in rice plants is an effect of salt stress which decreases growth and grain yield. The plant population range for confection-type sunflower hybrids ranges from 12,000 to 18,000 plants per acre. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. To determine the effect of different plant densities on the yield and growth of common bean. The experimental approach was to grow field corn at various population densities to permit variations in amount and manner of light interception, and the growth rate of the crop in terms of dry matter accumulated in both shoot and root tissues is interpreted in relation to light interception by the foliage assemblages. Torabi Jaf, Azarakhash Acock, B. Whisler, F.D. 6. They found the risk of not achieving full grain yield potential was greatest when final stands were below 26,000 plants per acre. and [3] observed that the population of plants per square meter (density) and arrangement of individual plants within a square meter determines nutrient use and grain yield of maize. } Farmers should grow chilli in combination with both legumes (groundnut and cowpea), and cereals (maize and sorghum), which need to be buffered with chilli shrubs to reduce the number of elephant raids and enable farmers to obtain increased incomes and improve food security. "shouldUseShareProductTool": true, Grain and total dry weight of maize (Zea mays L.) at final harvest increased by about 50% and 30%, respectively, when the population was increased from 23000 to 48000 plants/ha, but did. Periodical Article for Undergraduate. Components of growth, net assimilation rate and leaf area index. Over the range of the densities studied grain yield was positively related to number of side branches but negatively related to dry-matter production, leaf area duration and percentage of light intercepted. Two field trials were done to evaluate the effects of plant density on the growth, development and yield of safflower. 2019. For example: for a target population of 100 plants/m 2 and using seed of average weight (35 mg) and a laboratory germination test of 95 percent. ), Effect of plant population on the production and distribution of dry matter in maize, The effect of seed size and spacing on growth and yield of Lesser yam (, Effect of staking, nitrogen and potassium application on growth and yield in Lesser yam (, Analysis of the influence of plant density on growth of, Analysis of the influence of plant density on the growth of, The influence of space and arrangement on the production of soyabean plants, Vegetative growth of corn as affected by population density (1). ALDRICH, R. J. Although final vegetative above-ground . 2019. "useSa": true ., Abdollah Hasanzade It is a short duration crop and is grown twice in a year. Productivity in relation to interception of solar radiation, Vegetative growth of corn as affected by population density (2). Effect of plant population on growth and yield of soya, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Bar es Salaam, Tanzania, https://doi.org/10.1017/S002185960005841X, Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. This equation was used (with these symbols) by . Hodges, H.F. Ganganagar Lime - 1 satya dwivedi 2022, International Journal of Current Microbiology and Applied Sciences Username: Password: Remember me: Journal Content . Mean D-leaf width decreased with increasing population. Lambert, J.R. Effect of NPSB rates and plant population on growth parameters and yield of maize (Zea mays L.) in Ethiopia.Green Farming Vol. The study was conducted during th . Effects Of Nitrogen Levels And Plant Populations On Growth And Yield Of Chickpea (Cicer Arietinum L.) Under Dryland Conditions In Kenya . This paper is the report of a study of the effect of space and arrangement of plants on the production of soybeans in the northeastern range of their production. Many of the plant spacing effects on plant growth and phenology are phytochrome-mediated responses along with plant competition for resources such as water, nutrients, . Hodges, H.F. Published online by Cambridge University Press: Academia.edu no longer supports Internet Explorer. Staking was the most important factor in increasing total tuber production, which was one and a half times greater in staked than in unstaked plants and leaf-area development was closely and positively related to vine growth, and since staking and N application encouraged vine growth these treatments led to the production of plants with greater leaf area.

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