Privacy PolicyTerms and ConditionsAccessibility, Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is a major cause of death globally, with a burden likely to be higher than that of HIV or malaria, according to the most comprehensive assessment of bacterial AMR to date published in, The threat of AMR has long been signalled. Section Information. If you need to go back and make any changes, you can always do so by going to our Privacy Policy page. By modeling and understanding the kinetics of how the drug and target interaction, an article appearing in PLOS Computational Biology demonstrates that the best time and concentration parameters for an antibiotic dose can be predicted [10]. Other studies also reported chloramphenicol and Tetracycline resistant Campylobacter species [16, 41]. The Global Burden of Disease study provides the most comprehensive global health estimates, examining worldwide, national, and regional trends for mortality and morbidity from major diseases, injuries, and risk factors to understand the health challenges of the 21st century. There is only one abattoir in the town delivering service for the vast population in the town. | about navigating our updated article layout. 3rd ed. Therefore, enactment of hygienic practices during the slaughtering process, proper handling and cooking of meat and awareness creation on jurisdictional antibiotic usage are required to avoid Campylobacter infection. Descriptive statistics was used for calculating percentage and frequency distributions, and odds ratio (OR) was used to evaluate the association of variables at 95%CI and p<0.05 was considered as statistically significant. Senior professors edited the English language of our revised manuscript. Meera Tandan, Poshan Thapa, Preeti Maharjan, Buna Bhandari Open Access. We thank the reviewer for the comments and words mentioned in line 93 and 96 were replaced accordingly. We thank the reviewer comment on the tittle of the manuscript. Line 76 --- Looking at the sample data, the samples have not been collected on a regular basis to estimate the prevalence, and it does not comply with cross-sectional study norms! | Cross sectional study design with systematic sampling method was used. We use cookies to help provide and enhance our service and tailor content and ads. Study conducted in Mekele, Northern Ethiopia also reported higher prevalence (11.9%) of Campylobacter species isolates from cattle meat [17]. M. A. Webber, L. J. V. Piddock, The importance of efflux pumps in bacterial antibiotic resistance, Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy, Volume 51, Issue 1, January 2003, . To receive email updates about this page, enter your email address: We take your privacy seriously. Higher resistance was observed on Cephalothin (CH-30): 100%, Ampicillin (AMP-10): 60.5% and Cefotaxime (CTX-30): 60.5%. Inglis GD, Kalischuk LD, Busz HW, Kastelic JP. 4. Here, we comment on our collaborative efforts at establishing single-cell capacities in sub-Saharan Africa and the challenges encountered in Malis endemic setting. However, these drugs have been used so widely and for so long that the infectious organisms the antibiotics are designed to kill are adapting to them, making the drugs less effective. Important: If there are ethical or legal restrictions to sharing your data publicly, please explain these restrictions in detail. Activity of newest generation -lactam/-lactamase inhibitor combination therapies against multidrug resistant, Tackling malaria transmission at a single cell level in an endemic setting in sub-Saharan Africa, Chloramphenicol resistance is too hot to handle. Published 2012 Biology, Medicine Journal of infection and public health Antimicrobial resistance in bacterial pathogens is a challenge that is associated with high morbidity and mortality. e. We thank the reviewer for the comment to use standard strain of Campylobacter. That is the question asked by the authors of a recent PLOS Biology article [12]. 13 May 2022 The Fund was established to invest in programmes to end the infectious diseases that cause the greatest burden of illness and death, especially in low-income and middle-income countries. Do you want your identity to be public for this peer review? Since the 1940s, these drugs have greatly reduced illness and death from infectious diseases. The existing burden of AMR and its future threat should be an urgent stimulus to revise and widen The Global Fund's mission. and JavaScript. d. We thank the reviewer for the comment. Risk of multi-drug resistant Campylobacter spp. 2022. All PLOS journals require that the minimal data set be made fully available. Pseudomonas aeruginosa is one of the common species responsible for an array of diseases in the respiratory tract, gastrointestinal tract, urinary tract, bones, joints and different systemic infections of normal and immunocompromised patients as well. 3. The sample size was calculated using single population proportion formula [20]. The Journal of Global Antimicrobial Resistance (JGAR) is a quarterly online Open Access journal run by an international Editorial Board that focuses on the global spread of antibiotic-resistant microbes. Thank you for submitting your work to PLOS ONE and supporting open access. The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence and antimicrobial susceptibility pattern of Campylobacter species from bovine, knives and personnel in Jimma Town, Ethiopia. Even in single-drug regimens, proper dosing is essential to minimize the development of resistance. The aim of this study was to characterize the prevalence of pathogenic Salmonella serovars, antimicrobial susceptibility, and antimicrobial resistance genes in 112 Salmonella isolates recovered from raw poultry meat products. Selection of efflux mutants by biocides encountered in the environment is . Yes Part of the most cited journal in microbiology, this section explores breakthrough research in antimicrobials, antibiotic resistance, antibiotic therapy, and mobile genetic elements. They help us to know which pages are the most and least popular and see how visitors move around the site. 1. The expression of the metabolizing enzyme in the non-pathogenic strain deactivates the drug in the immediate environment, despite its intracellular localization, allowing for the outgrowth of the drug-sensitive pathogenic strain (Fig 1). The Pediatric Infectious Disease Journal: August 2021 - Volume 40 - Issue 8 - p 756-762. doi: 10.1097/INF.0000000000003134. | In Press, Journal Pre-proof, Available online 2 September 2022. This may increase the risks of Campylobacter infection to people consuming uncooked meat. Antibiotic Resistance in Paediatric Febrile Urinary Tract Infections. Further, the study carried out at only one abattoir and therefore the limited number of isolates (n=38) obtained in this study are not sufficiently addressed to draw any logistic conclusion. From cultured 171 bovine faecal samples and 171 bovine carcass swabs, 22 (12.9%) and 7 (4.1%) were positive for thermophilic Campylobacter species, respectively. from a pig slaughterhouse and analysis of cross-contamination. If there are restrictions on publicly sharing datae.g. Kaakoush NO, Castao-Rodrguez N, Mitchell HM, Man SM. f. We thank the reviewer comment and the discussion part was improved in the revised manuscript. You will be subject to the destination website's privacy policy when you follow the link. Research efforts should be accelerated to address knowledge and innovation gaps and to inform policy and practices. Protocols.io assigns your protocol its own identifier (DOI) so that it can be cited independently in the future. Have the authors made all data underlying the findings in their manuscript fully available? The harms of AMR are with us today. All fecal samples were placed into a sterile screw capped container containing 9 ml Cary-Blair transporting media. e. We appreciate and thank the reviewer for suggesting very important research findings to compare with our work. Please include a caption for figure 1. In case of swab samples, each cotton wool swab was moistened and rubbed on sites continuously for 30 seconds and transferred to a sterile screw-capped test tube containing 10 ml of Cary-Blair transporting media. You should upload this letter as a separate file labeled 'Response to Reviewers'. An invoice for payment will follow shortly after the formal acceptance. Yes f. We thank the reviewer for the comment and the revised manuscript included limitations of the study. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pbio.2003775.g001. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Ophidiomyces ophiodiicola, Etiologic Agent of Snake Fungal Disease, in Europe since Late 1950s (Length: 18:01). Above all, AMR must be seen as a global issue, which needs a globally coherent plan with a One Health approach. The information was collected from Veterinary Drug and Animal Feed Administration and Control Authority of Ethiopia (VDFACA). As bacteria that cause infection adapt to withstand antibiotics, the potential for antimicrobial resistance to cause a global health crisis looms large. Costs of up to $29,000 per patient treated with an antibiotic-resistant bacterial infection have been reported. [Note: HTML markup is below. HHS Vulnerability Disclosure, Help Addressing the silent pandemic of antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is a focus of the 2021 G7 meeting. 15 We are also thankful to technical staff of School of Veterinary Medicine for their assistance during laboratory works and Jimma University College of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine. . Any typographical or grammatical errors should be corrected at revision, so please note any specific errors here. Thermophilic Campylobacter species are commonly isolated from poultry and livestock species such as cattle, swine, and sheep, but poultry is recognized as the primary source of infection for people [6, 7]. Submitted filename: Response to Reviewers.docx, Isolation, Identification and Antibiotic Resistance Profile of Thermophilic Campylobacter Species from Bovine, Knives and Personnel at Jimma Town Abattoir, Ethiopia. Swabs from the personnel hands and knives were taken from each selected cattle after slaughtering. g. We respect the reviewer comment and strongly disagree with the idea study region is not enough reason to conduct research. If published, this will include your full peer review and any attached files. 6. 1. All the three isolated species of Campylobacter were resistant to Cephalothin, and most were multidrug resistant. Objective to rephrase, not clear, and to show novelity or improvement from previous studies carried in this era. Please submit your revised manuscript by Sep 22 2022 11:59PM. When these have been addressed, youll receive a formal acceptance letter and your manuscript will be scheduled for publication. Open Access. Experiments must have been conducted rigorously, with appropriate controls, replication, and sample sizes. Resistance-conferring mutations can be specific to a particular antibiotic or they can provide protection to multipleoften relateddrugs. BSAC standardized disc susceptibility testing method (version 8). This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the, GUID:C7B84C0B-E296-4C15-869A-619DDB178CA5, GUID:CDFA03E4-BDA5-4857-B252-C5473DB4287A, GUID:0908447C-2678-4FC5-AE2E-C741E301D973, GUID:413F323D-7673-4097-B65C-19DDED51E239. Nguyen TN, Hotzel H, Njeru J, Mwituria J, El-Adawy H, Tomaso H, et al. 21 October 2022 In a PLOS Biology article, the authors sought to understand the properties that determine how quickly resistance will evolve [4]. They found that the multifaceted transcription regulator CpxR regulates the expression of the major efflux pump in P. aeruginosa, and is involved in modulating resistance in clinical isolates. Please do not edit.]. The PLOS ONE style templates can be found at, https://journals.plos.org/plosone/s/file?id=wjVg/PLOSOne_formatting_sample_main_body.pdf and, https://journals.plos.org/plosone/s/file?id=ba62/PLOSOne_formatting_sample_title_authors_affiliations.pdf. If they'll be preparing press materials, please inform our press team within the next 48 hours. The 11 different antibiotic discs, with their concentrations given in parenthesis, used in the antibiogram testing were; Ampicillin (AMP) (10g), Nalidixic acid (NA) (30g), Tetracycline (TE) (30g), Ceftriaxone (CRO) (30g), Cefixime (CFM) (5g), Cefotaxime (CTX) (30g), Clindamycin (DA) (10g), Sulfamethoxazole trimethoprim (SXT) (25g), Ciprofloxacin (CIP) (10g), Chloramphenicol (C) (30g), and Cephalothin (CH) (30g). Vaccines are available for only one of the six leading pathogens described in the study. S Sahin O, Kassem II, Shen Z, Lin J, Rajashekara G, Zhang Q. Ogden ID, Dallas JF, Macrae M, Rotariu O, Reay KW, Leitch M, et al. c) If any authors received a salary from any of your funders, please state which authors and which funders. Is the manuscript technically sound, and do the data support the conclusions? We thank the reviewer for the comments Line 15,18 and 23. ). Open Access, Research (Please upload your review as an attachment if it exceeds 20,000 characters). Emphasize the new and important aspects of your study and put your findings in the context of the totality of the relevant evidence. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(22)00091-5. Rapid antibiotic susceptibility testing (AST) is needed. According to Jimma Municipal Abattoir report, majority of the animals slaughtered per day for public sale markets are cattle. All swabs were processed within 3 hours of collection. Antibiotic resistance data from starting up and experienced laboratories were presented, showing high rates of resistance in key pathogens to most antibiotics currently available in Cambodia, e.g . When submitting your revision, we need you to address these additional requirements. Wayne, PA: CLSI: 2015. This Journal is the 2003 rd out of 9,726 Life Sciences journals. Epub 2010 Feb 10. Sources of data Peer-reviewed journal articles, governmental and professional society publications. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. The Institute of Medicine estimates the annual cost of infections caused by antibiotic-resistant bacteria to be U.S.$4 to $5 billion ().However, methods for measuring economic impact of resistance are in their infancy, and the studies leave many questions unanswered (). When you're ready to submit your revision, log on to https://www.editorialmanager.com/pone/ and select the 'Submissions Needing Revision' folder to locate your manuscript file. . Antimicrobial resistance in bacterial pathogens is a worldwide challenge associated with high morbidity and mortality [2]. The site is secure. Your manuscript is now with our production department. However, this fact seems to me not to be enough and perhaps the authors should consider a journal with local impact. These cookies may also be used for advertising purposes by these third parties. This research work was funded by Jimma University College of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine. The search must be at least three characters long. However, limited studies reported the occurrence and susceptibility testing of Campylobacter strains to antimicrobials on humans, food animals and foods of animal origin [1618]. Since antibiotic resistance is the result of natural selection for resistance-conferring mutations, it is important to understand the evolutionary processes underlying this selection. Evolution and spread of resistance. A marked-up copy of your manuscript that highlights changes made to the original version. However, cattle are identified as a source of infection for people and water is implicated as the spread of Campylobacter, in the environmental in particular. | Antibiotic Resistance. Antimicrobial Resistance Spotlight Antibiotics and similar drugs, together called antimicrobial agents, have been used for the last 70 years to treat people who have infectious diseases. 2022 is also the 20th anniversary of The Global Fund's inception. 2. Thus, there is a limited arsenal of drugs to fight resistant bacteria, and bacteria can be resistant to multiple drugs at a time. [NOTE: If reviewer comments were submitted as an attachment file, they will be attached to this email and accessible via the submission site. National leaders now have an obligation to move AMR to a higher position in their political agendas. The magnitude of AMR is spreading more rapidly in the developing countries due to uncontrolled use of different antibiotics [10, 11]. These cookies allow us to count visits and traffic sources so we can measure and improve the performance of our site. If you encounter any issues or have any questions when using PACE, please email PLOS atgro.solp@serugif. Scanning electron micrograph of a human neutrophil ingesting MRSA (purple). Please ensure that your manuscript meets PLOS ONE's style requirements, including those for file naming. 5. 01 April 2022. Campylobacteriosis is bacterial, foodborne and zoonotic gastroenteritis disease transmitted to human mainly via undercooked or contaminated meat and animal products. But, as mentioned above, resistance comes at a cost, and a study published in Science Reports of the compensatory evolution of a large conjugative resistance plasmid showed that evolution follows common paths leading to plasmid stabilization and persistence of resistance [6]. It also serves as a baseline research to study source of contamination, to consider the level of abattoir hygiene and to initiate regular inspection of abattoirs for Campylobacter infection and antimicrobial resistance patterns. El Baaboua A, El Maadoudi M, Bouyahya A, Kounnoun A, Bougtaib H, Belmehdi O, et al. Indeed, C. jejuni and C. fetus are responsible to cause infertility and abortion in cattle [29, 30]. High Visibility: indexed within Scopus, SCIE (Web of Science), PubMed, PMC, Embase, CAPlus / SciFinder, and other . Open Access free for readers, with article processing charges (APC) paid by authors or their institutions. They show that resistant bacteria can be re-sensitized by treating with a specifically designed anti-sense oligonucleotide. 2010 Apr;35(4):322-32. doi: 10.1016/j.ijantimicag.2009.12.011. No, Is the Subject Area "Microbial mutation" applicable to this article? PLOS defines a study's minimal data set as the underlying data used to reach the conclusions drawn in the manuscript and any additional data required to replicate the reported study findings in their entirety. 1 4. Triple sugar iron agar (H2S production), Hippurate hydrolysis test, resistance to Cephalothin (30 g disc) and susceptibility to Nalidixic acid (30 g) disk were evaluated and interpreted. The .gov means its official. Antimicrobial resistance in campylobacter: susceptibility testing methods and resistance trends, BSAC Working Party on Susceptibility Testing. PLOS authors have the option to publish the peer review history of their article (what does this mean?). This research work was funded by Jimma University College of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine. growth rate). This means the journal is among the top 20% in the discipline of Biology. Authors Niels Hiby 1 . Since antibiotic resistance is the result of natural selection for resistance-conferring mutations, it is important to understand the evolutionary processes underlying this selection. PONE-D-22-17337Isolation, identification and antibiogram profile of thermophilic Campylobacter species from bovine, knives and personnel at Jimma Town abattoir, EthiopiaPLOS ONE. 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